1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids that store energy, are very concentrated, have twice as much energy as carbohydrates, are stored in bonds, cushion organs, and insulate the body.

Most animal fats that contain no double bonds, which then contain more hydrogen, and they also contribute to heart disease.

Plant and fish fats that contain double bonds, which then contain less hydrogen, and is a better choice for your diet.

Good molecule in cell membranes and makes hormones from it such as testosterone, estrogen, and insulin, but too much of this in blood may lead to heart disease.

The lipid that makes up cell membranes.

The phosphate is on the outside touching water.

The lipid chain is on the inside away from the water.

Simple sugars that are used during cellular respiration to produce energy (ATP) and occurs in the mitochondria.

Simple sugars that provide energy to the cells during cellular respiration such as glucose.

Made of two monosaccharides joined together such as sucrose.

Long chains of monosaccharides bonded together.

Material that makes up cell walls. (aka dietary fiber)

Material that makes up insect exoskeletons

Synthesis (aka Dehydration Synthesis)

The process of breaking a larger molecule (complex macromolecule/ polymer) from 2 smaller simpler molecules (monomers) by removing water.

Digestion (aka Hydrolysis)

The process of breaking a larger molecule (complex macromolecule/ polymer) into two smaller simpler molecules (monomers) by adding water.

Long organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus that contain the instructions that cells need to carry out all the functions of life such as DNA and RNA.

Made of phosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous bases.

Genetic material that carries information about an organism that is passed on from parent to offspring, which directs all of the cells functions and it's located in the nucleus.

Plays an important role in the making of proteins and is located in the nucleus and the cytoplasm.

Long organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen that is responsible for growth and repair.

Smaller molecules that make up proteins and the order that they bond together determine the protein's shape and function.

2+ protein chains making up a protein

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Biochemistry vocab

Term	Definition
Lipids	1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids that store energy, are very concentrated, have twice as much energy as carbohydrates, are stored in bonds, cushion organs, and insulate the body.
Saturated Fats	Most animal fats that contain no double bonds, which then contain more hydrogen, and they also contribute to heart disease.
Unsaturated Fats	Plant and fish fats that contain double bonds, which then contain less hydrogen, and is a better choice for your diet.
Cholesterol	Good molecule in cell membranes and makes hormones from it such as testosterone, estrogen, and insulin, but too much of this in blood may lead to heart disease.
Phospholipids	The lipid that makes up cell membranes.
Hydrophillic	The phosphate is on the outside touching water.
Hydrophobic	The lipid chain is on the inside away from the water.
Carbohydrates	Simple sugars that are used during cellular respiration to produce energy (ATP) and occurs in the mitochondria.
Monosaccharides	Simple sugars that provide energy to the cells during cellular respiration such as glucose.
Disaccharides	Made of two monosaccharides joined together such as sucrose.
Polyssacharides	Long chains of monosaccharides bonded together.
Starch	Energy storage in plants.
Glycogen	Energy storage in animals.
Cellulose	Material that makes up cell walls. (aka dietary fiber)
Chitin	Material that makes up insect exoskeletons
Synthesis (aka Dehydration Synthesis)	The process of breaking a larger molecule (complex macromolecule/ polymer) from 2 smaller simpler molecules (monomers) by removing water.
Digestion (aka Hydrolysis)	The process of breaking a larger molecule (complex macromolecule/ polymer) into two smaller simpler molecules (monomers) by adding water.
Nucleic Acids	Long organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus that contain the instructions that cells need to carry out all the functions of life such as DNA and RNA.
Nucleotides	Made of phosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous bases.
DNA	Genetic material that carries information about an organism that is passed on from parent to offspring, which directs all of the cells functions and it's located in the nucleus.
RNA	Plays an important role in the making of proteins and is located in the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
Protein	Long organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen that is responsible for growth and repair.
Amino acids	Smaller molecules that make up proteins and the order that they bond together determine the protein's shape and function.
Primary Structure	Sequence
Secondary Structure	Interaction of R Groups
Tertiary Structure	3D Shape
Quaternary Structure	2+ protein chains making up a protein

Created by: o.t.2001

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