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Energy Atmosphere/Oc
Energy in the Atmosphere and Ocean
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| electromagnetic wave | A wave that can transfer electric and magnetic energy through the vacuum of space. |
| greenhouse effect | The trapping of heat near a planet’s surface by certain gases in the planet’s atmosphere |
| thermal energy | The total kinetic and potential energy of all the particles of an object. |
| convection | The transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a fluid. |
| conduction | The transfer of energy from one particle of matter to another within an object or between two objects that are in direct contact. |
| radiation | The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. |
| absorb | To take in; to swallow up. |
| wind | The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure. |
| sea breeze | The flow of cooler air from over an ocean or lake toward land. |
| land breeze | The flow of air from land to a body of water. |
| Coriolis effect | The effect of Earth’s rotation on the direction of winds and currents. |
| jet stream | Band of high-speed winds about 10 kilometers above Earth’s surface. |
| area | An undefined space or location; can be large or small. |
| model | An exact copy of something on a much smaller scale. |
| current | A large stream of moving water that flows through the oceans. |
| El Niño | An abnormal climate event that occurs every two to seven years in the Pacific Ocean, causing changes in winds, currents, and weather patterns for one to two years. |
| La Niña | A climate event in the eastern Pacific Ocean in which surface waters are colder than normal. |
| gradually | To move or change slowly. |