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Bone Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Long bones | Femur, humerus |
| Long bones | Bones that are wide |
| Short bones | Ankles, wrists |
| Short bones | Bones that are cube-like |
| Flat bones | Bones of external skull, sternum |
| Flat bones | Bones that are thin and usually curved |
| Irregular bones | Vertebrae, coxal (hip) |
| Irregular bones | Bones without a distinct shape |
| Diaphysis | Thick collar of compact bone with surrounds the yellow bone marrow cavity |
| Epiphysis | The ends of the bone which is mostly spongy bone |
| Periosteum | White membrane which surrounds the diaphysis and contains osteoblasts |
| Articular cartilage | Found at areas where two bones come together |
| Red bone marrow | Found in spongy bone cavities that produce RBC's |
| Ossification | The process of bone formation |
| Intramembranous ossification | Process that forms flat and irregular bones |
| Endochondral ossification | Uses hyaline cartilage to transform into long and short bones |
| Fracture | Any break in a bone |
| Haversian | Vertical canal in bone |
| Volksman | Horizontal canal in bone |
| Compact bone | Bone tissue which makes up the diaphysis |
| Spongy bone | Bone tissue that is very porous |
| Osteoblasts | Special cells which form bone |
| Simple | Complete break that does not penetrate skin |
| Compound | Broken ends of bone protrude through skin |
| Comminuted | Bone is broken into multiple pieces |
| Impacted | One bone is forced into another causing vertical fracture |
| Spiral | Twisted apart |
| Compression | Bone is crushed |
| Green-stick | Bending of bone usually in young children |
| Reduction | Realignment of broken bones |
| Closed reduction | Bones are realigned by physicians hands |
| Open reduction | Fractured bones are put back together using pins, plates, or rods |
| Hematoma formation | Blood filled swelling at fracture |
| Fibrocartilaginous callus | Internal or external mass that is formed |
| Bony callus | Formed by the fibroblasts and osteoblasts |
| Remodeling | Compact bone will replace bony callus |
| Crest | Narrow ridge of bone, usually prominent |
| Trochanter | Very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process on the femur |
| Tubercle | Small, rounded projection or process |
| Epicondyle | Raised area on or above a condyle |
| Line | Narrow ridge of bone, less prominent than crest |
| Spine | Sharp, slender often pointed projection |
| Head | Bony expansion carried on a narrow neck |
| Facet | Smooth, nearly flat articular surface |
| Condyle | Rounded articular projection |
| Ramus | Armlike bar of bone |
| Meatus | Canal-like passageway |
| Sinus | Cavity within a bone, filled with air and lined with mucous |
| Fissure | Narrow, slit-like opening |
| Fossa | Shallow basin-like depression in a bone |
| Foramen | Round or oval opening through bone |
| Tuberosity | Large rounded projection |
| Groove | Furrow, like finger through clay |
| Epiphyseal line | Remnant of epiphyseal plate |
| Diaphysis | Shaft of bone |
| Yellow bone marrow | Marrow composed of fat |
| Periosteum | Membrane surrounding the diaphysis |
| Articular cartilage | Found where two bones meet together |
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