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Chapter 7

Vocabulary Pt.2

TermDefinition
osmoregulation the control of solute concentrations and water balance
facilitated diffusion passive transport aided by proteins, speeds the passive movement of molecules across membrane
channel proteins provides corridors that allows a specific molecule or ion to cross the membrane
aquaporins needed for facilitated diffusion of water
ion channels open or closed in response to sitmulus(gated channels)
active transport moves substances against concentration gradient
membrane potential voltage difference across membrane
voltage created by differences in the distribution of positive and negative ions across a membrane
electrochemical gradient 2 combined forces (chemical and electrical) that drive diffusion of ions across a membrane
chemical force concentration gradient
electrical force effect of membrane potential on ion's movement
electrogenic pump transport protein that generates voltage across membrane
sodium potassium pump electrogenic pump for plants
proton pump electrogenic pump for plants, fungi, and bacteria
cotransport coupled transport by membrane protein, occurs when active transport of solute indirectly drives transport of other solutes
exocytosis use to release contents of cell
endocytosis used to intake contents into cell
phagocytosis cell eating; cell engulfs particle in a vacuole and fuses with lysosome for digestion
pinocytosis cellular drinking; molecules are taken up with extracellular fluid when sucked into tiny vesicles
receptor-mediated endocytosis binding of ligands and receptors triggers vesicle formation
ligand any molecule that binds specifically to a receptor site of another molecule.
Created by: akierah.w
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