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Space & Earth S2T4

Science: Semester 2, Term 4 Test Revision

TermDefinition
absolute magnitude actual brightness of a star
apparent magnitude brightness of a star as seen from Earth
black hole the remains of a star, which forms when the force of gravity of a large neutron star is so great that not even light can escape
galaxies very large groups of stars and dust held together by gravity
nebulae clouds of dust and gas that may be pulled together by gravity and heat up to form a star
nuclear fusion joining together of the nuclei of lighter elements to form another element, with the release of energy
parallax apparent movement of close stars against the background of distant stars when viewed from different positions around the Earth’s orbit
planetary nebula ring of expanding gas caused by the outer layers of a star less than eight times the mass of our sun being thrown off into space
protostar the final stage of development of a star in which the temperature is not quite high enough for nuclear fusion to occur
supernova huge explosion that happens at the end of the life cycle of supergiant star. A neutron star or black hole remains.
big bang theory a theory which states that the universe began about 15 billion years ago with the explosive expansion of a singularity
cosmology the study of the beginning and end of the universe singularity a single point of immense energy present at the time of the big bang
steady state theory a theory which states that there was no beginning to the universe and that the universe does not change in appearance
blue shift shift of lines of a spectral pattern towards the blue end when a light source is moving rapidly towards the observer
Doppler effect observed change in frequency of a wave when the wave source and observer are moving in relation to each other
frequency the number of waves passing a single location in one second
red shift shift of lines of a spectral pattern towards the red end when the source is moving away from the observer spectrum: light from a source separated out into the sequence of colours, showing the different frequencies
biosphere the life-support system of the Earth biota: living things
atmosphere the layer of gases around the Earth
lithosphere the outermost layer of the Earth; includes the crust and uppermost part of the mantle
hydrosphere the water on the Earth's surface
Sustainable ecosystems ecosystems that are diverse and provide for the needs of the organisms that live there
Created by: BellaJH
Popular Earth Science sets

 



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