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Dynamic Earth MRMS
earth science,
Term | Definition |
---|---|
weathering | Process that breaks down rock – heat, cold, water, ice, oxygen, carbon dioxide, freezing, thawing, |
Horizontality | Layers are laid down horizontally |
Uniformitarianism | The same things that happen today happened in the past |
mechanical weathering | Physically broken into smaller pieces – freeze/thaw, release of pressure, gravity, animals, plant growth, abrasion, ice wedging |
chemical weathering | Chemical changes – action of water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, living organisms, acid rain |
erosion | Movement of weathered particles from one place to another: wind, water, ice, gravity |
Sediment | Material moved by erosion- made by weathering and erosion |
deposition | Sediment is placed in new areas |
mass movement | Caused by gravity, moves sediment downhill, landslide, mudslide, creep, slump |
water erosion | Runoff- water moves over surface, rills, gully, streams, tributary, |
erosion by Rivers | Creates valleys, waterfalls, flood plains, meanders, oxbow lakes |
deposits by rivers | Particles fall onto riverbed, creates alluvial fans, deltas, add soil to flood plain |
groundwater erosion | Underground water causes erosion by chemical weathering, cave formation, stalactite, stalagmite, sinkholes |
glaciers | Large mass of ice that moves over land, erode land by plucking and abrasion |
plucking | Glacier picks up rocks as it moves over land, gets moved to bottom of glacier |
waves | Shape coast by erosion, breaking down rock and transporting sand and other sediment, deposit sediment, makes beaches |
wind | Removes surface materials (deflation), abrasion (polishes), can cause sand dunes and loess deposits (finer than sand) |