double-layer of phospholipids that forms a boundary between a cell and the surrounding environment and controls the passage of materials into and out of a cell

molecule that forms a double-layered cell mem- brane; consists of a glycerol, a phosphate group, and two fatty acids.

model that describes the arrangement and movement of the molecules that make up a cell membrane

Selective permeability

condition or quality of allowing some, but not all, materials to cross a barrier or membrane

protein that detects a signal molecule and performs an action in response

movement of molecules across the cell mem- brane without energy input from the cell

movement of dissolved molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower con- centration

Concentration gradient

difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another

diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration

form of an element that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons as another element

solution that has a higher concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution

solution that has a lower concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution.

Facilitated diffusion

diffusion of molecules assisted by protein channels that pierce a cell membrane

energy-requiring movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration

uptake of liquids or large molecules into a cell by inward folding of the cell membrane

uptake of a solid particle into a cell by engulfing the particle; see endocytosis

release of substances out of a cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane

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Bio 3.3, 3.4, 3.5

Term	Definition
Cell membrane	double-layer of phospholipids that forms a boundary between a cell and the surrounding environment and controls the passage of materials into and out of a cell
Phospholipid	molecule that forms a double-layered cell mem- brane; consists of a glycerol, a phosphate group, and two fatty acids.
Fluid mosaic model	model that describes the arrangement and movement of the molecules that make up a cell membrane
Selective permeability	condition or quality of allowing some, but not all, materials to cross a barrier or membrane
Receptor	protein that detects a signal molecule and performs an action in response
Passive transport	movement of molecules across the cell mem- brane without energy input from the cell
Diffusion	movement of dissolved molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower con- centration
Concentration gradient	difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another
Osmosis	diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration
Isotonic	form of an element that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons as another element
Hypertonic	solution that has a higher concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution
Hypotonic	solution that has a lower concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution.
Facilitated diffusion	diffusion of molecules assisted by protein channels that pierce a cell membrane
Active transport	energy-requiring movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration
Endocytosis	uptake of liquids or large molecules into a cell by inward folding of the cell membrane
Phagocytosis	uptake of a solid particle into a cell by engulfing the particle; see endocytosis
Exocytosis	release of substances out of a cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane

Created by: BodkinG26

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