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science quarter 1

QuestionAnswer
Parts of a science project? problem, research, hypothesis, materials, procedure, observation, conclusion
How do you make an experiment more valid? more trials, larger sample size, repeat the experiment
How do you make measurements more accurate? By stacking measurements and getting an average
What is on the X axis of a graph? The independent variable
Difference between theory and law? Theory- tested 100's of times (same result) Law- always true in nature
Benedict's Solution: Lugol's Iodine Solution: Methylene Blue: BS: Indicator for glucose, turns orange in the presence of heat LIS: Indicator for starch, turns blue/purple/black, stain for plant cells MB: stain for animal cells
What happens when Iodine enters/exits the cell? It turns black/blue/purple
What is the organization of life from simplest to most complex? organelle -> cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system -> organism
Difference plant & animal cells? Plants: large vacuoles, cell wall, chloroplast Animals: many small vacuoles, centrioles
Why can't 2 organisms survive in 1 petri dish when grown together? They will compete for food, nutrients, & space
Autotroph v.s Heterotroph Auto: make their own food Hetero: obtains food by consuming
Cell wall protects & support (only in plants)
Cell membrane controls what enters and exits the cell based on size (selectively permeable)
Cytoplasm jelly that helps move items around the cell
Golgi complex packages and delivers materials
Mitochondria makes energy (using ATP) using CELL RESPIRATION
ER transports and assembles
Ribosomes protein synthesis
Nucleus controls cell functions, stores DNA
Nucleolus makes ribosomes, holds RNA
Centrioles cell division (ANIMAL CELLS)
Lysosomes breaks down dead/unwanted materials
Vacuoles storage of water and other materials
Chloroplasts makes food for plants
What are the 8 life processes? Nutrition, Transport, Respiration, Regulation, Synthesis, Growth, Reproduction, & Excretion
What are not life processes? Homeostasis & Metabolism & Digestion
What life process is only necessary for species survival and not singular survival? Reproduction
Nutrition Breaking down molecules into useable forms (ingest, digest, egest)
Transport absorb & circulate materials
Respiration using molecules to make ATP energy (anaerobic & aerobic)
Regulation control all life processes (stimulus & response)
Synthesis making
Growth to get larger or more numbers
Reproduction creating new offspring (sexual & asexual)
Excretion removal of liquid waste
Homeostasis maintain balance
Metabolism processing energy in your body
Compound microscope uses 2 lenses, standard one used
Phase contrast microscope more detailed
Dissecting microscope for dissections
Electron microscope used for very small items
Centrifuge/ultracentrifuge separates molecules using c-force
Chromatography separates pigments or chemicals
Electrophoresis separates DNA based on size
Difference between active & passive transport? Passive: High to low Active: Low to high (NEEDS ATP)
Phagocytosis Cell ENGULFS material (Ex: white blood cell)
Pinocytosis Cell membrane buds a vesicle (liquids)
Diffusion Materials move from high to low concentration (passive transport)
Facilitated Diffusion Movement of materials from high to low (require the use of channels)
What happens when you add salt water to a cell? Water moves out, salt moves in
What happens when you add water to a cell? Salt moves out, water moves in
Hypertonic More solute, less solvent
Hypotonic More solvent, less solute
Isotonic Solvent & solute equivalent
Created by: 27bossertr
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