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CIC CH11 Define

Apic Text Ch 11 definitions

TermDefinition
Infection preventionist someone who is qualified through education, training, experience, or certification in infection prevention and control.
Infection prevention and control (IPC) program policies and procedures put in place to minimize or reduce healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in hospitals and other healthcare settings.
Infection prevention committee functions as the central decision-making and policymaking body for infection prevention in the healthcare setting.
Healthcare quality The Institute of Medicine defines healthcare quality as "the degree to which healthcare services for individuals and populations increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge
Implementation science methods used to promote the use of evidence-based practices to improve healthcare quality.
Patient safety the absence of preventable harm to the patient while providing care.
Year IC efforts began in US 1950, concurrent with the growth of intensive care and increasing staphylococcal infections
Attack Rate an incidence proportion, that is used to measure the frequency of new cases of a disease or condition in a specific population during a limited period.
Baseline the number or value used as the basis for comparison.
Case definition a set of uniformly applied criteria for determining whether a person should be identified as having a particular disease, injury, or other health condition; usually specifies clinical, laboratory, and other diagnostic criteria.
Cluster a group of cases that occurs closely related in time and place without regard to whether the number of cases is more than expected (often the expected number is not known).
Distribution frequency and pattern of an event in a population.
Endemic usual presence of a disease or condition in a specific population or geographical area.
Epidemiology the study of the distribution and determinates of health conditions or events in specified populations and the application of this study to the control of health problems.
Incidence rate a measure of the frequency with which an event occurs in a population over a defined time period. The numerator is the number of new cases occurring during the defined time period, and the denominator is the population at risk.
Prevalence the number of cases or events or conditions occurring in a population
Prevalence rate the proportion of persons in a population who have a particular disease or condition at a specified point in time (point prevalence) or over a specified period (period prevalence).
Sensitivity the ability of a test, case definition, or surveillance system to identify true cases or persons who have the health condition of interest (i.e., the proportion of persons with a health condition that are correctly identified by a test
Specificity the ability of a test, case definition, or surveillance system to exclude persons who do not have the health condition of interest i.e., the proportion of persons without a health condition that are correctly identified by a test
Validity the degree to which a measurement, test, study, or other data collection method actually measures or detects what it is intended to measure.
mean and median measures of central tendency
rates, ratios, and proportions used to measure the occurrence and risk of an event in a specific population during a given period.
standard deviation measures of dispersion
Mean the mathematical average of the values in a set of data. Is affected by outliers.
Median the middle value in a ranked set of data. Because half of the measurements in the data set lie below the median and half of the measurements lie above it, the value of the median is not affected by outliers.
Range is the difference between the smallest value and the largest value in a set of data
deviation is the difference between an individual value in a data set and the mean (average) for the set.
Variance is the deviation around the mean of a distribution
standard deviation is a measure that reflects the distribution of values around the mean.
Created by: jeasterly
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