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Weather part 1 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| mesosphere | middle layer of atmosphere: 51-85: coldest layer: this is where meteors burn up |
| air pressure | the measure of the force with which air molcules push on a surface |
| altitude | elevation (hieght) above sea level |
| troposphere | lowest layer of earth atmosphere: 0-17 km above surface, site of weather organisms, contains most atmosphere water vapor |
| stratosphere | 2nd layer of atmosphere: extends from 10 to 30 miles up: locations of ozone layer: absorbs 95% of ultraviolet radiation: temperature increases with altitude change |
| thermosphere | the fourth layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature increases as altitude |
| exosphere | the outer layer of the thermosphere , extending outward into space. |
| atmosphereic gases | nitrogen makes up 78%, 21% oxygen and remaining 1% is carbon dioxide, water vapor and other gases |
| nitrogen | most abundant gas in the atmosphere |
| oxygen | gas that makes up 21% of all of earths atmosphere it passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells |
| Carbon Dioxide (CO2) | a greenhouse gas: a gas that absorbs and radiates heat |
| Trace Gases | gasses such as hydrogen, helium, carbon dioxide and argon that exist in very small quantities in the atmosphere; gases that make up less than 1% of Earth's atmosphere |
| Water Vapor | water in the form of a gas |
| Fossil Fuels | a natural substance formed from the buried remains of ancient organisms that can be used as a source of energy |
| Greenhouse Gases | gasses in Earth's atmosphere that trap heat near the surface |
| Water Cycle | the continuous process by which water moves from Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back |
| Evaporation | the change of a substance from a liquid to a gas |
| Condensation | the change from a gas to a liquid |
| Precipitation | any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches Earth's surface (rain or snow or hail or sleet or mist). |
| Transpiration | evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant |
| Crystallization | the process by which a substance becomes a solid, sort of like freezing. |
| Surface Runoff | water that flows over land until it reaches lakes, rivers, or other areas |
| Groundwater Flow | water that is flowing beneath Earth’s surface |
| Dew | water that has condensed on a cool surface overnight from water vapor in the air |
| Frost | ice formed when water vapor changes directly into ice crystals |
| Ozone (O3) | part of Earth's upper atmosphere; it protects people by absorbing harmful rays from the sun. |
| Greenhouse Effect | a warming of Earth's surface and the air above it. It is caused by gasses in the air that trap energy from the Sun |
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