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Chapter 4
Tissues
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is tissue | A group of similar cells performing a common function |
| What is histology | Study of tissues |
| What is the intercellular material surrounding the cells of tissue | Matrix |
| 4 types of tissue | Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Nervous |
| What covers and protects the body surface, lines body cavities, forms glands, moves substances in and out of body | Epithelial Tissue |
| Supports the body, connects and holds things together, transports substances, protect from foreign invaders | Connective Tissue |
| this tissue controls movement | Muscle tissue |
| What tissue is the communicate between body parts | Nervous tissue |
| A hollow sac after the zygote from fertilization undergoes cell division | Blastula |
| 3 primary germ layers | Endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm |
| Movement of cells into 3 layers | Gastrulation |
| Epithelial is in what gastula layer | Endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm |
| 2 basic types of Epithelial tissue | Membranous and glandular |
| Function of epithelial tissue | Protect, sensory, secretion, absorption, and excretion |
| Characteristics of Epithelial | Limited amounts of matrix Lots of cells close together Avascular- no blood Reproduce themselves Sheets connect to connective tissue |
| Basement membrane of epithelial | Basal lamina - epithelial cells Reticular lamina - connective cells |
| shapes of epithelial | Squamous, cuboidal, columnar, psuedostratified |
| Squamous | Flat, plate like |
| Cuboidal | Cube shaped |
| Columnar | Higher than wide |
| Psuedostratified | 1 layer of columnar cells |
| 3 layer classifications of epithelial | Simple, stratified, and transitional |
| Simple epithelial | One cell layer |
| Stratified epithelial | 2 layers ( one layer on top of another) |
| Transitional epithelial | Differing of cell shapes in a stratified layer |
| Simple squamous | 1 layer of flat cells Can readily diffuse |
| Simple squamous locations | Blood vessels |
| Simple cuboidal location | Glands Ducts (kidneys) |
| Simple columnar has | Cilia |
| Simple columnar location | Stomach Uterus |
| Psuedostratified columnar location | Male reproductive Air passages |
| Microvili | Hairs that increases surface area |
| Stratified squamous characteristic (keratin) | Protection |
| Stratified squamous location | Skin |
| Keratin | Protein that causes cells to die and harden |
| Stratified squamous (non keratinized) characteristic | Moist |
| Location of stratified squamous non keratinized | Mouth Esophagus vagina |
| Stratified Cuboidal characteristic protect | Sweat glands |
| Stratified columnar is… | Rare |
| Stratified columnar location | Mucus layer |
| Stratified transitional characteristic | Stretchy |
| Stratified transitional location | bladder |
| When old are flatten but when younger are cuboidal | Stratified squamous |
| Nuclei at different levels of the cell | Psuedostratified |
| Located in air sacs of lungs | Simple squamous |
| nuclei located near basement membrane | Simple columnar |
| Reticular tissue is | Mesh of fibers and fibroblasts Forms supportive stroma 3d web |
| Reticular location | Lymph nodes |
| Dense regular fibers are in | Wavy sheets |
| characteristics of dense regular | Few blood vessels Slow to heal |
| Function of bone | Provides support and framework Point of attachment for muscles Reserve minerals |
| Osteocytes | Mature bone cells |
| Osteoblast | Bone forming cells |
| Osteoclast | Bone destroying cells |
| Haversian system is | The structural unit of bone |
| Parts of Haversian system | Lucunae, lamellar, canaliculi |
| Compact bone | Surrounds Haversian systems |
| Cartilage characteristics | Chondrocytes Avascular Perichondrium Slow to heal |
| Types of cartilage | Hyaline, fibrocartilage, elastic |
| Hyaline characteristics | Most widespread |
| Hyaline locations | Found at the ends of bones |
| Fibrocartilage characteristics | Strongest Shock absorbers |
| Fibrocartilage location | Between vertebrae and knee joints |
| Elastic characteristic | External ear and voice box |
| Blood function | Moves oxygen and carbon dioxide, waste, nutrients Maintains body temp Destroys harmful microorganisms |
| What is unique about blood tissue | It is a liquid (fluid tissue) |
| Structural units of blood | Plamsa Erythrocytes Thrombocytes Leukocytes |
| Erythrocytes | Red blood cells |
| Leukocytes | White blood cells |
| Thrombocytes | Platelets |
| Muscle tissue has… | Little matrix |
| Skeletal muscle characteristic | Stratified voluntary Mutlinuclei |
| Muscle attaches to | Bone |
| Smooth muscle characteristics | Nonstratified and involuntary |
| Location of smooth muscle | Lines internal organs |
| Cardiac muscles | Striated and involuntary Branches and attached |
| Cardiac muscle has | Intercalated discs for the heart to beat as one |
| Nerve has lots of | Matrix |
| Function or nerve cells | Regulate body activity |
| Nerve location | Brain Spinal cord Nerves |
| Types of nerve cells/ what makes up nerves | Neurons and nueroglia |
| Characteristics of nerve tissue | Axon- impulses way Dendrites-impulses towards |
Created by:
Madison#23
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