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cell unit test
unit 3 cell unit review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the three parts of the cell theory | -all living things are made up of cells -cells come from pre-existing cells -cells are the basic unit of life |
| what are the 5 common features of all cells | cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, RNA, DNA |
| what is the function of ribosomes | produces proteins |
| what kinds of organisms have prokaryotic cells | bacteria |
| contrast prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells | prokaryote don't have a nuclear or membrane bound organelles, eukaryote do |
| describe the function of the nucleus | it has its own membrane that stores DNA and controls all cell functions |
| what is the purpose of the endoplasmic reticulum | package and transport proteins, carries proteins |
| what is the responsibility of lysosomes | breakdown large food molecules |
| what does the mitochondria do for the cell | make energy; powerhouse of the cell |
| what three organelles do plant cells have the animals cells don't | cell wall, chloroplast, 1 large center vacuole |
| what kinds of organisms have eukaryotic cells | protista, fungi, plant, animal |
| what is the difference between plant and animal vacuoles | plants have 1 large vacuole, animals have many small ones |
| give examples of what types of cells have many mitochondria or lysosomes | muscles have lots of mitochondria and in the digestive tract those cells have a lot of lysosomes |
| what scientist discovered a way to stain bacteria | Hans Gram |
| what scientist disproved spontaneous generation | Louis Pasteur |
| what scientist discovered penicillin | Alexander Fleming |
| what is a virus | non-living disease causing pathogen |
| what is a retrovirus | a virus that uses RNA instead of DNA |
| describe the cell membrane structure | 2 layers with proteins embedded; allows small things to directly pass through, but can select larger particles |
| name 3 types of passive transport | diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion |
| why is it called "passive" transport | it doesn't require energy |
| what direction do molecules flow during passive transport | high to low concentration |
| define concentration gradient | how much stuff in on either side of the membrane |
| what size particles does passive transport move | small |
| the term hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic only refer to the movement of ____ | water |
| what is osmosis | the diffusion of water |
| list 3 types of active transport and what they do | sodium/potassium pump- moves sodium and potassium across the membrane endocytosis- process of taking in large molecules exocytosis- process of removing large molecules |
| what is it called "active" transport and what is required to make it happen | it requires energy and a membrane protein |
| what direction do molecules flow during active tranport | low to high |
| how does HIV effect the body | it kills immune system cells |
| is sars lytic or lysogenic | lytic - on a smaller scale and is a repetition of the previous disease |
| what is the Golgi body function | it receives and ships materials |
| what is the difference between facilitated and simple diffusion | simple is when the substance passes between phospholipids facilitated are special membrane channels |
Created by:
skbillings
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