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Unit Test
Cellular Homeostasis Unit Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How does water move into and out of a cell? | Through the cell membrane. |
| What is the cell membrane made of? | A phospholipid bilayer (two layers of phospholipids). |
| What is each phospholipid made of? | A glycerol group, two fatty acid tails, and a phosphate head. |
| What categories can fatty acids be broken into? | Saturated and unsaturated. |
| What are saturated fatty acids? | They contain only single bonds between carbon atoms. |
| What are unsaturated fatty acids? | They have at least one double bond between two carbons. |
| _________________ can pack together at a higher density since they are straight and straight things pack together easily. | Saturated fatty acids |
| _________________ have a higher density so they are solid at room temperature. | Saturated fatty acids |
| What causes the fatty acid tail to bend? | The double bond. |
| The polar heads are ___________ because they are attracted to water, since water is also polar. | hydrophilic |
| The nonpolar tails are ____________ since they are NOT attracted to water since water is polar and polar and nonpolar molecules repel one another. | hydrophobic |
| Why do the polar heads face outward? | That’s where the water is and the heads are hydrophilic. |
| Why do the tails face toward the inside? | They are nonpolar and hydrophobic so they move as far away from the water as possible. |
| Why is the cell membrane considered a selectively permeable membrane? | It allows some materials to move across it, but not others. |
| What is Diffusion? | The movement of a substance from high concentration to low concentration. |
| What is simple diffusion? | When molecules move directly through the phospholipids. |
| What is facilitated diffusion? | When molecules move through a carrier or transport protein. |
| What molecules can move DIRECTLY between phospholipids in the cell membrane by simple diffusion? | Small and nonpolar molecules. |
| What molecules must move THROUGH a carrier or transport protein in the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion? | Large, charged, and polar molecules. |
| What is osmosis? | Movement of a solvent (such as water) through a semipermeable membrane (as of a living cell) into a solution of higher solute concentration. |
| What is a solution? | A liquid mixture of two or more substances. |
| How is the concentration of a solution determined? | By dividing the amount of solute by the amount of solvent. |
| What is solute? | The substance being dissolved. |
| What is solvent? | The substance doing the dissolving. |
| What is an isotonic solution? | Where the concentration of solutes is the same compared to another solution. |
| What is an hypotonic solution? | Where the concentration of solutes is less than another solution. |
| What is an hypertonic solution? | Where the concentration of solutes is greater than another solution. |
| What happens if the water concentration is too high outside? | Water enters the cell by osmosis and they may burst. |
| What happens if the water concentration is too low outside? | Water will leave by osmosis and the cells may shrivel. |
| _____ always moves from low solute (hypotonic) to high solute (hypertonic) concentrations. | Water |
| What happens if body cells lose or gain too much water by osmosis? | They do not function efficiently. |
Created by:
Jaela1
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