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DNA and Protein Syn.

Biology H 9

QuestionAnswer
What is the importance of DNA? It's essential for inheritance, coding proteins, and providing instructions for life and its processes
What is the relationship between DNA and biodiversity? DNA can be changed in several different ways to promote and conserve biodiversity
What are the 4 chemical bases of DNA? Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine
What pairs with Adenine? Thymine
What pairs with Cytosine? Guanine
What pairs with Thymine? Adenine
What pairs with Guanine? Cytosine
What is the relationship between DNA and evolutionary relationships? Species change over evolutionary time which is caused by DNA sequences in their genes acquiring slight changes.
What are the steps of protein synthesis? Transcription and Translation
Where does transcription occur for prokaryotes? In the cytoplasm
Where does translation occur for eukaryotes? In the nucleus
What is the difference between DNA and RNA? RNA: Sugar Ribose. DNA: Sugar Deoxyribose
What does tRNA do? It serves as a link between mRNA and the growing chain of amino acids that make up a protein
What does mRNA do? It tells your body how to make proteins
What does rRNA do? It combines with proteins and enzymes in the cytoplasm to form ribosomes
What does U stand for? (Base) Uracil
Complete name for DNA? Deoxyribonucleic acid
A nucleotide is made of a ______ Group Phosphate
The phosphate group binds to the _____ Deoxyribose
Number the steps of DNA replication in the correct order: 1. New strands are formed using complementary base pairing with help of DNA polymerase 2. DNA unwinds by enzyme helicases 3. The old & new strands wind together making an identical DNA molecule 2, 1, 3
What does phosphate look like on a diagram? A circle
What does sugar look like on a DNA diagram? A pentagon
Why is it important the hydrogen bonds hold together the two complementary bases and not a stronger bond? So it can split apart to make identical strands of DNA by DNA Replication
The enzyme _____ is needed for the process of transcription RNA Polymerase
Translation is the process of using the new mRNA as instructions to show which order the amino acids should go in. This happens in the _____ of the cell. Ribosomes
Missense is a point mutation which a single nucleotide change results in a codon that codes for a different amino acid
Nonsense is when a codon is changed to a STOP amino acid
Created by: Airo
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