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Biomaterials L14
Wound Healing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Neutrophil concentration during acute inflammatory response. | Decreases |
| Macrophage concentration during acute inflammatory response. | Increases |
| Neovascularization during acute inflammatory response. | Increases |
| Foreign Body Giant Cells concentration during acute inflammatory response. | Increases |
| Fibroblast concentration during acute inflammatory response. | Increases |
| Mononuclear Leucocyte concentration during acute inflammatory response. | Decreases |
| Presence of macrophages, monocytes and lymphocytes with proliferation of blood cells are key signs of _________ | Chronic inflammation |
| _______ mediate adaptive immunity (memory). | Lymphocytes |
| __________ are the most important cell in chronic inflammation and release bioactive products. | Macrophages |
| The bioactive products released by macrophages are: ______ | -chemotactic factors -cytokines -proteases, reactive oxygen metabolites -coagulation factors -growth factors |
| Persistent chronic inflammation is caused by ______ factors | chemical, physical, motion and infection |
| Granulation tissue begins _____ day(s) after implantation and persists _________ day(s) after. | 1, 3-5 |
| Fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells proliferate and begin to form________, a pink soft granular appearance on surface wounds. | Granulation tissue |
| ________ is the formation of small blood vessels through budding or sprouting from existing ones. | Angiogenesis |
| Fibroblasts proliferate and synthesize ______ and _______ during granulation issue formation. | collagen, proteoglycans |
| ______ are multi-nucleated cells formed through the fusion of monocytes and macrophages. | Foreign Body Giant Cells |
| FBGCs attempt to _______ foreign materials larger than a single cell. | phagocytose |
| _____ and ______ surfaces have a layer of macrophages and fibrosis is commonly seen. | flat, smooth |
| _____ surfaces have a mixture of FBGCs and macrophages | rough |
| High surface to volume ratio (fabrics, porous materials, etc.) will have _____ ratios of macrophages and FBGCs to granulation tissue. | higher |
| ____ is the end stage of healing and sees granulation tissue maturation, larger blood vessels and alignment of collagen fibers. | Fibrosis |
| Thickness (degree of) fibrous capsule depends on: ____ | -degree of initial implantation injury -location of implantation site -microstructure of implant -amount of small particulates produced -mechanical factors -shape of implant |
| The four types of resolution are: _______ | extrusion, encapsulation, resorption, and integration |
| Extrusion relies on _________ | endothelial cells |
| _______ is the traditional response to non-resorbable materials | encapsulation |
| Resorption during _____ degradation has no fibrous capsule formation. | fast |
| Resorption during _____ degradation sees the capsule collapse and remain until replaced by host tissue. | slow |
| ______ has no intervening fibrous capsule | Integration |
| Local factors on wound healing for implantation devices: | -site of implantation -adequacy of blood supply -potential for infection |
| Systemic factors on wound healing for implantation devices: | -nutrition -hematologic derangements -glucocortical steroids -preexisting disease |
| How to achieve the ideal resolution? | -adjust mechanical properties -anti-inflammatory therapy -antibacterial treatment -surface modifications -adjust implant size/geometry -minimize implantation injury -minimize motion -minimize toxic release -reduce degradation -bioactive bonds |
| Coatings and local drug delivery are examples of _________ | anti-inflammatory therapy |
| Adjusting roughness and porosity, controlling protein adsorption, and promoting specific cell attachment are examples of _______ | surface modifications |
| Considerations of in vivo assays of animals are: ________ | -species -implant size -length of stud/data collection |
| When considering species for in vivo assays, they should have similar ______ and _______ to humans. | physiology, healing response |
| Biomaterial considerations of in vivo assays are: _______ | -material -implant weight -surface area -topography -number of implants per animal |
| Crosslinking, precipitating, and oxidizing are all ____ which fix the tissue in histology. | fixatives |
| Steps in histology/immunohistochemistry are: ____, _____, and _____ | fix the tissue with fixatives, sectioning, staining |
Created by:
mike1225
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