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Cell Organelles
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| controls what enters or leaves cell | what is the function of the cell membrane |
| chromatin | when DNA is spread out in the nucleus of a cell on non-dividing cells it is called |
| prokaryotes | bacteria are |
| vacuole | storage space |
| all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organism, cells are produced from existing cells | tell the 3 of the parts of the cell theory |
| organelle | small structure in a cell that performs a specific function |
| Theodor Schwann | German zoologist who concluded all animals are made of cells |
| Robert Hooke | English scientist who 1st saw "little boxes" in cork and called them cells |
| mitochondria | burns glucose |
| cell membrane | controls what enters and leaves the cell |
| centrioles | pulls chromosomes during cell division |
| lysosomes | digests unwanted substances or cell parts |
| ribosomes | makes proteins |
| nucleus | contains chromatin |
| none | none |
| Rudolph Virchow | german physician who saw dividing cells and reasoned that cells come from existing cells |
| Anton van Leeuwenhoek | dutch microscope maker who was the first to observe living cells |
| Matthias Schleiden | botanist who concluded that all plants are made of cells |
| eukaryote | an animal cell |
| rough er | organelle with bumps |
| cilia or flagella or cytoskeleton | name an organelle that assists with movement |
| mitochondrion | name the organelle which is called the "power plant" of the cell because it provides energy |
| vacuole | name the storage space that is larger in plants than animals |
| ATP | name the molecule that provides the energy for cell activities |
| prokaryotes | cells that have a cell membrane but not a nuclear membrane are |
| nucleus | name the organelle that acts as the cells control center |
| phospholipids and proteins | cell membranes are made of these 2 main kinds of molecules |
| steroids (lipids) or glycoproteins | name another kind of molecule that could also be found in an animal cell membrane |
| nucleolus | name that dark spot in the nucleus of a cell where ribosomes are made |
| selectively or semi-permeable | membranes that allow certain molecules to pass through and not others are said to be |
| apoptosis | programmed cell death or "cell suicide" for the good of the organism |
| ribosomes | proteins are made on the _______ in a cell |
| smooth er | makes lipids for membranes |
| mitochondria | stores energy as ATP |
| chromatin | spread out DNA |
| rough er | modifies and transports proteins made on its ribosomes |
| smooth er | regulates calcium levels in muscle cells |
| cell wall | supports and protects plant cells |
| non-dividing | in what kind of cell would you expect to see chromatin |
| chloroplasts | Thylakoid stacks would be seen inside |
| mitochondria | burn glucose: make ATP |
| ribosomes | make proteins |
| cell wall | support: protection |
| golgi bodies | package molecules for storage or export |
| centrioles | pull chromosomes apart during cell divison |
| smooth er | make steroids in gland cells: regulate calcium in muscle cells: break down toxins in liver |
| mitochondria | Cell organelles that burn glucose and store energy as ATP. |
| none | none |
| Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, OR centrioles | Name an organelle that is made of microtubules |
| glycoprotein | A membrane protein with carbohydrates attached to its surface that functions in cell identification is called a |
| mitochondria | makes atp |
| nuclear envelope | controls what enters or leaves the nucleus |
| cilia or flagella | help cell move |
| golgi bodies | modify, sort, and package substances for transport |
| nucleolus | makes ribosomes |
| nucleus | control center of cell |
| mitochondria or cholorplasts | name an organelle besides the nucleus that has DNA |
| cilia- many, shorter flagella- one or two, longer | tell one difference between cilia and flagella |
| chloroplasts | According to the Endosymbiotic theory, which organelle probably evolved from photosynthesizing bacteria that were incorporated into early prokaryotic cells? |
| mitochondria | name an organelle besides the nucleus that has a double membrane |
| Mitochondria and chloroplasts: have circular DNA like bacteria divide using binary fission like bacteria have molecules in their inner membranes like bacteria have ribosomes like bacteria | Give 2 kinds of evidence that support the Endosymbiotic theory. |
| nucleus | contains genetic info |
| cytoskeleton | give cell shape/support |
| flagella | few, long structures for locomotion |
| cristae | provide more surface area inside mitochonrida |
| chloroplast | place for photosynthesis |
| vacuole | large storage space |
| mitochondria | According to the Endosymbiotic theory, which organelle probably evolved from aerobic bacteria that were incorporated into early prokaryotic cells? |
| rough | endoplasmic reticulum with ribosomes attached is calle d_____ ER |
| lysosomes | membrane bound sac that contains digestive enzymes |
| mitochondrion | this organelle makes ATP |
| bilayer | because the phospholipids in a cell membrane form 2 layers it is called a _______ |
| smooth | ______ ER does not have ribosomes attached |
| cytoskeleton | the ______ is made of microfilaments and microtubules and helps the cell to maintain its shape |
| polar | the yellow part of this phospholipid molecule stays on the outside of the bilayer next to the water environment because it is |
| make proteins | what is the job of the ribosomes |
| golgi body | pancake like stack of membranes the modify, sort, and package substances for transport |
| smooth er | breaks down toxins |
| mitochondria | power plant |
| chromosomes | scrunched up DNA |
| nuclear pores | allows molecules in and out of molecules |
| thylakoids | sacs inside chloroplasts |
| cell wall | supports and protects bacterial cells |
| cilia or flagella | name a cell part that had this 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules |
| nucleus | organelle in a plant or animal cell that contains the cell's genetic material |
| cristae | the folded inner membrane in the mitochondria which help to increase the surface area for chemical reactions is called the |
| protein and RNA | ribosomes are made of |
| modify and transport molecules made by its ribosomes | what is the function of the rough er |
| rough er | modify/transport proteins |
| nucleus | contains dna; control center |
| cytoskeleton | support; give shape |
| cell membrane | control what enters/leaves cell |
| chloroplast | photosynthesis |
| vacuole | stores water, food, molecules, waste |
| nucleolus | make rna for ribosomes |
| eukaryote | a plant cell is a |
| chloroplast | this organelle contains the molecules for photosynthesis |
| thylakoids | name the dac found inside chloroplasts that contain the molecules for photosynthesis |
| cristae | name the folded membranes found inside mitochondria |
| cilia | the many short structures on top of this cell are |
| eukaryotes | cells that have a nuclear membrane are called |
| smooth er | the organelle that regulates calcium in muscle cells, makes lipids for membranes, and breaks down toxins in liver cells is the |
| microfilaments and microtubules | the cytoskeleton is made of |
| non polar | the blue part of this phospholipid molecule stays inside the membrane away from water because it is |
| false; all cells have a cell membrane on the outside | true or false bacteria don't have a cell membrane |
| make lipids for membranes, regulate calcium levels, break down toxic substances | name one of the functions of smooth er |
| mitochondria or chloroplasts - | name an organelle besides the cell nucleus that has its own dna |
| tissue | a group of cells that work together to carry out a specific function are called |
| false, yes they do | true or false bacteria don't have ribosomes |
| true, at least we cant see them | true or false plant cells don't have centrioles |
| mitochondria | name an organelle besides the cell nucleus that is surrounded by a double membrane |
| organ system | a group of organs that work together to carry out a specific function are called an |
| dividing animal | centrioles are only seen in ______ cells |
| mitochondrion | you would expect to see cristae inside a |
| mitochondria | cells that need a lot of energy probably have a lot of |
| smooth er | endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes attached is called |
| semi permeable or selectively permeable | a membrane that lets certain molecules pass through and not others is called |
| cell | the ____ is the basic unit of life |
| proteins | what do ribosomes make |
| eukaryotes, have a nuclear membrane, have a membrane bound organelles, have a cell membrane, have DNA in multiple chromosomes | tell one way plant cells and animal cells are alike |
| have a cell wall, cell membrane, dna, cytoskeleton, ribosomes | tell one way plant cells and bacterial cells are alike |
| have a cell membrane, dna, cytoskeleton, ribosomes | tell one way animal cells and bacterial cells are alike |
| peripheral proteins | attached to the cell, support, communication, enzymes, molecule transfer |
| integral proteins | embeaded into cell membrane, enhancing, or transporting molecules across membranes |
| cell theory | all living things are made up cells, cells are basic units of all living things, new cells are made from prexisting ones |
| 4 parts found in all cells | cell membrane, DNA, ribosomes, cytoplasm |
| proteins in the cell membrane have the following functions | move material across cell membrane, help move or change shape, indentification, attached to cytoskeleton |
| not shared by animal and plant cells | centrioles, cell wall, chloroplasts |
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