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i.s quiz 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| allergies | exaggerated responses to certain environmental= antigens known as allergens they involve antibodies of IgE class |
| 1 | person produces high level of IgE |
| 2 | IgE do not bind to pollen, their tails attach to mast cells |
| 3 | when exposed a second time antigen binding sites of IgE antibodies bind and cause adjacent antibody molecules to become cross linked |
| 4 | induces mast cell to degranulate and release histamine and other inflammatory agents |
| 5 | histamine causes dilation and increased permeability of small blood vessels in immediate vicinity |
| 6 | inflammatory events lead to sneezing, running nose, teary eyes, hard time breathing |
| anaphylactic shock | life threatening reacting to ingested or injected allergens that results from degranulation of mast cells throughout body |
| auto immune disease | I.S loses tolerance to self and begins to react against normal molecules of body |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus) | I.S generates antibodies against all sorts of self molecules |
| rheumatoid arthritis | antibody- mediated auto immune disease causes painful inflammation and damage to cartilage and bone of joints |
| insulin dependent diabetes mellitus | auto immune disease. insulin producing beta cells of pancreas are targeted by cell mediated (t- cells) immune response |
| multiple sclerosis (ms) | most common chronic neurological disease. T-cells have a propensity to attack normal myelin (neuron insulation) thought to infiltrate the central nervous system and cause demyelination of nerve fibers |
| structure of HIV | enveloped virus with a inner protein capsid that contains 2 RNA strands |
| pathogenesis | progression of disease |
| HIV 1 | hiv binds to cd4 expressing helper t-cells and infects the cell |
| HIV 2 | 4-8b weeks after initial infection flu- like symptoms appear and then disappear |
| HIV 3 | incubation period ranges from a few months to 12 years contagiuos with no symptoms |
| HIV 4 | active infection. HIV is being produced in helper t-cells and destroying them |
| HIV 5 | AIDS is diagnosed when helper t-cell countt is less than 200/mm3 blood (healthy = 500- 1500/mm3 blood) |
| HIV6 | opportunistic infection's lead to death |
| epidemiology | 37.7 million infections worldwide derived from simian immunodeficiency virus hunter of monkeys |
| treatment | no current vaccine because the challenge is a high rate antigen mutation |
| antivirals | block reverse transcriptase |
Created by:
brynnabbey
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