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Endocrine
Medical Surgical Nursing in Canada - Ch. 51
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When is growth hormone high which disorder can result? | acromegaly |
| When is ADH is high which disorder can result? | Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone |
| When is ADH is low which disorder can result? | diabetes insipidus |
| When T3 & T4 are high which disorder can result? | Hyperthyroidism/Graves Disease |
| When is T3 & T4 are low which disorder can result? | Hypothyroidism |
| When TSH is high which disorder can result? | Hypothyroidism |
| When TSH is low which disorder can result? | Hyperthyroidism |
| When parathyroid is high which disorder can result? | Hyperparathyroid |
| When parathyroid is low which disorder can result? | Hypoparathyroid |
| When cortisol is high which disorder can result? | Cushings Syndrome |
| When adrenal corticosteriods are low which disorder can result? | Addisons disease |
| When aldosterone is high which disorder can result? | Hyperaldosteronism |
| What does a history and physical exam provide | Help to identify etiology |
| Enlargement of the hands, feet and bony tissues. Sleep apnea can occur from changes in tongue | Acromegaly |
| Avoid coughing, sneezing, and straining following a Trans-sphenoidal surgery helps to prevent... | leakage of CSF |
| Clear nasal drainage can be an indicator of | CSF |
| Clinical manifestations include headaches, visual changes, loss of smell and nausea & vomiting | Hypopituitarism |
| Characterized by fluid retention, dilutional hyponatremia, low urine output and hypo-osmolity | SIAH |
| Causes of this include: Head trauma, psychosis, medications | SIAH |
| Characterized by increased urinary output & plasma osmolality, | Diabetes Insipidus |
| Clinical manifestations include polydipsia, nocturia, polyuria and hypovolumia if left untreated (tachycardia, hypotension & shock) | Diabetes Insipidus |
| When there is a delay in ADH production or release. | Central diabetes insipidus |
| When there is inadequate renal response to ADH despite presence in adequate levels. | Nephrogenic diabetes insipdus |
| Lack of iodine in the diet is most common cause of this disorder | Goitre |
| Autoimmune, insufficient iodine, infection, stress and genetics put the patient at risk for this disorder | Hyperthyroidism |
| Bulging eyeballs, dry, irritated eyes and light sensitivity | Exophthalmos |
| Related to effects of excess amounts of circulating thyroid hormones which directly increase metabolism and tissue sensitivity to SNS stimulation | Hyperthyroidism |
| Severe tachycardia, heart failure, shock and hyperthermia | Thyrotoxic crisis |
| After this surgery the nurse needs to monitor respirations (laryngeal stridor, hemorrhage) and trachael compression (neck swelling, sensations of fullness and choking) | Thyroid surgery |
| Iodine deficiency most common cause worldwide | Hypothyroidism |
| Clinical manifestations include cold intolerance, constipation, myxedema, loss of body hair and fatigue | Hypothyroidism |
| This state be precipitated by infection, drugs (especially opioids, tranquilizers, and barbiturates), exposure to cold, and trauma. It is characterized by subnormal temperature, hypotension, and hypoventilation. | Myxedema coma |
| When serum calcium or magnesium levels are low ... | PTH secretion increases |
| Presents with HYPERcalcemia and HYPOphosphatemia | Hyperparathyroidism |
| Clinical manifestations include muscle weakness, fractures, kidney stones and constipation | Hyperparathyroidism |
| Major post-op complications are associated with hemorrhage and fluid/electrolyte disturbances (tetany from sudden decrease in calcium) | Parathyroidectomy |
| Presents with HYPOcalcemia and HYPERphosphatemia | Hypoparathyroidism |
| Clinical manifestations include tingling in lips, fingertips, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes and dysrhythmias | Hypoparathyroidism |
| Can be caused from administration of exogenous corticosteroids (ex. prednisone) in large doses for several weeks or longer | Cushing’s Syndrome |
| Clinical manifestations include weight gain, moon face, and purplish/red streaks on the abdomen | Cushing’s Syndrome |
| Clinical manifestations include weight loss, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypotension | Adrenocortical Insufficiency |
| These symptoms can indicate this medical emergency: hypotension, tachycardia, dehydration, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia, fever, weakness and confusion | Addisonian crisis |
| Is used for anti-inflammatory action, immunosuppression, maintenance of normal BP | Corticosteroid Therapy |
| Will cause retention of sodium and excretion of potassium and hydrogen ion | Excessive aldosterone secretion |
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KadduonoLU
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