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Bio Chapter 8

Photosynthesis

QuestionAnswer
In animal cells, most ATP synthesis takes place in mitochondria, but in plant cells, most of the ATP used is made in the chloroplasts. True or False? False, because ATP is not transported out of the chloroplast, but carbohydrates are.
In which part of the chloroplast is light initially captured? The Thylakoid Membrane
Which of the answer choices correctly lists the three phases of the Calvin cycle? - Reduction of CO2, reduction of NADPH, regeneration of RuBP - Oxidation, reduction, and carboxylation - Carboxylation, reduction, and regeneration Carboxylation, reduction, and regeneration
What is the initial carbon input in the Calvin cycle? - CO2 - C6H12O6 - Rubisco - Triose Phosphate CO2
Protons in a chloroplast flow through an ATP synthase from the: - Thylakoid lumen to the stroma - Cytoplasm to the inter intermembrane space - Stroma to the thylakoid lumen - Intermembrane space to the stroma - Stroma to the intermembrane space Thylakoid lumen to the stroma
In plants, the initial electron donor in photosynthesis is: - ATP - CO2 - NADPH - H2O - O2 H2O
Photosynthesis is the pathway used to synthesize carbohydrates from: - CO2 - Sunlight - Sunlight, CO2, and H2O - Sunlight, CO2, and O2 - O2 Sunlight, CO2, and H2O
In plants and algae, which of the answer choices is a by-product of photosynthesis? - CO2 - O2 - H+ - C6H12O6 - Carbohydrates O2
Where does photosystem II and I occur? They are present in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. The second photosystem comes before the first.
Where does the Calvin cyle occur? This occurs in the stroma of a chloroplast, has a location in the inner space.
How do the light and dark cycle of photosynthesis work together? The light reaction of photosynthesis provides ATP and NADPH for the dark reaction to form glucose.
What does the process of electrons moving from H2O to NADPH look like? The electrons travel in a line from water through photosystem II and photosystem I to NADPH.
What does the flow of H+ across the thylakoid membrane during photosynthesis look like? The H+ builds up in the thylakoid lumen (it builds a concentration gradient), then H+ is pumped by ATP synthase to the stroma.
What are the three steps of the Calvin cycle? Carboxylation, reduction, and regeneration
What happens during carboxylation in the Calvin cycle? The carbon from a CO2 molecule is added to RuBP (5 carbon), the RuBP is then transformed into two 3-carbon molecules (3-PGA).
What happens during reduction in the Calvin cycle? 3-PGA is phosphorylated and then reduced to become a triode phosphate (G3P). For this to occur, NADPH transfers 2e-s and 1 H+ and ATP gives P.
What happens during regeneration in the Calvin cycle? RuBP is regenerated so that the carboxylation step can continue (requires ATP)
How does the electron transport chain affect photosynthesis? It helps establish a protein gradient that powers ATP production and also stores energy in the reduced coenzyme NADPH. This energy is then used to power the Calvin cycle to produce sugar and other carbohydrates.
How does the H+ gradient affect photosynthesis? This is used to power oxidative phosphorylation by ATP synthase to create ATP.
When there are bubbles appearing underwater, what is inside of them? Oxygen
What does photosynthesis create to be used for direct or indirect consumption? Sugar
What is sugar made from during photosynthesis? CO2 and H2O
Where is carbon made in the chloroplast? The stroma
What is the general equation for photosynthesis? CO2 + H2O --> C6H12O6 + O2
What part of the photosynthesis equation represents oxidation? H2O and O2
What part of the photosynthesis equation represent reduction? CO2 and C6H12O6
What chemical energy does a light independent reaction use to make sugar? ATP and NADPH
Created by: annalise5590
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