Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bio Chapter 6
Capturing and Using Energy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| _____________ are organisms that derive energy from sunlight. - Heterotrophs - Autotrophs - Chemotrophs - Phototrophs | Phototrophs |
| Oak trees are categorized as: - Chemoautotrophs - Photoheterotrophs - Chemoheterotrophs - Photoautotrophs | Chemoheterotrophs |
| Enzymes in your gastrointestinal tract digest your lunch. These chemical reactions are categorized as: - Catabolism - Active Transport - Diffusion - Anabolism - Chemiosmosis | Catabolism |
| Batteries in your flashlight are examples of __________ energy. - Potential - Kinetic - Chemical | Potential |
| Reactions in which there is a negative change in free energy are: - Nonspontaneous and exergonic - Spontaneous and endergonic - Spontaneous and exergonic - Nonspontaneous and endergonic | Spontaneous and exergonic |
| Animals such as cats, worms, and butterflies, are classified as: - Photoautotrophs - Chemoautotrophs - Photoheterotrophs - Chemoheterotrophs | Chemoheterotrophs |
| Stored energy is called ___________ energy. - Potential - Kinetic - Chemical | Potential |
| Of the choices, which can be a product of a catholic reaction? - A lipid like cholesterol - A nucleic acid like RNA - A motor protein like myosin - A complex carbohydrate like cellulose - An amino acid like tryptophan | An amino acid like tryptophan |
| The assembly of glucose molecules into polysaccharides is a(n) _____________ process. - Anabolic - Catabolic | Anabolic |
| Which of the reactions is most likely to be exergonic? - The replication of DNA from free nucleotides - The formation of cellulose from individual glucose molecules - The digestion of protein from food into amino acids | The digestion of protein from food into amino acids |
| Building a protein by adding amino acids to the polypeptide chain is an example of: - Catabolism - Metabolism - Anabolism - Hydrolysis - Plasmolysis | Anabolism |
| What is catabolism? | The set of chemical reactions that break down molecules into smaller units and, in the process, produce ATP to meet the energy needs of the cell. |
| What is anabolism? | The set of chemical reactions that build molecules from smaller units utilizing an input of energy, usually in the form of ATP. These reactions result in net energy storage within cells and the organism. |
| What is the difference between anabolic and catabolic energy? | Anabolic builds and requires energy (endergonic reactions), whereas catabolic is breaking down and does not require energy (exergonic reactions |
| What is the kinetic energy? | It is the energy of motion, and an example of this is a person running or muscles contracting. Forms of this energy can be portrayed as light (movement of photons), electricity (movement of electrons), and thermal energy (movement of molecules). |
| What is potential energy? | Stored energy that is released by a change in an object’s structure or position (gravitational, electrical, magnetic). For example, the __________ energy of a ball is higher at the top of a flight of stairs than at the bottom. |
| What is the difference between kinetic and potential energy? What are some examples of each? | Potential energy is stored energy in an object/system because of its position or configuration, an example would be bonds. Kinetic energy is in which an object contains because of a particular motion, an example being the breaking of bonds, |
| What is an exergonic reaction? | Describes reactions with a negative ∆G that release energy and proceed spontaneously. Spontaneous means that a reaction releases energy. Graph appears high to low. Measures the amount of energy released. |
| What is an endergonic reaction? | Describes reactions with a ∆G that aren't spontaneous and require an input of energy. Not spontaneous means that reactions require a sustained input of energy. An example would be photosynthesis. Graph appears low to high. Measures amount energy required. |
| What is ∆G (delta g)? | It is the change in free energy. Reaction that have a negative ___ release energy, which means proceeding without an energy input. Reaction with positive ___ need an input of energy in order to take place (non spontaneous) |
| What is an enzyme? | A protein that functions as a catalyst to accelerate the rate of a chemical reaction; enzymes are critical in determining which chemical reactions take place in a cell. |
| How do enzymes lower required energy of activation for reaction? | They lower the activation energy of a reaction by binding one of the reactants, called a substrate, and holding it in a way that lowers the activation energy. |
| How does the function of an enzyme differ from that of an allosteric site? | Allosteric site is a part of an enzyme that allows activator/ inhibitor molecules to bind to an enzyme in order to activate enzyme activity, while active is a part of an enzyme where substrates bind and catalyze the reaction resulting in certain products. |
| Why is allosteric inhibition non-competitive? | This is because the substrate and the inhibitor can both bind to the enzyme. The reaction would simply not proceed. |
| Where do phototrophs get their energy from? | Sunlight |
| Where do chemotrophs get their energy from? | Chemical compounds |
| How do chemotrophs function? | Breaks down carbs, lipids and proteins into ATP to do work |
| What are chemoheterotrophs? | They get carbon from organic compounds. (ex. cheetah) |
| What are chemoautotrophs? | They get carbon from inorganic sources (such as CO2). (ex. hydrogen bacteria) |
| What are photoheterotrophs? | They get carbon from organic compounds. (ex. hellobacteria) |
| What are photoautotrophs? | They get carbon from inorganic sources (such as CO2). (ex. vascular plants such as trees) |
| What is metabolism? | The set of chemical reactions that sustain life. |
| What are considered polymers/macromolecules? | - Complex carbohydrates, DNA/RNA, Protein and Fat. - Less disorder, more chemical energy in bonds. |
| What are considered monomers/subunits? | - Sugars, Amino Acids, Nucleotides, and Fatty Acids - More disorder, less chemical energy in bonds . |
| What is the cycle of metabolism? | Macromolecules go through catabolism to form subunits (produces ATP), Subunits go through anabolism to form macromolecules (produces ADP). |
| What is a hydrolysis reaction? | Chemical reaction where H2O split into H and OH. This is used to break polymers. |
| When does energetic coupling occur? | the transfer of high energy electrons, and the transfer of a phosphate group |
| Some inhibitors bind to what? | an enzymes active site |
| Binding to a site other than the active site (allosteric site) is an example of what? | non-competitive inhibition |
Created by:
annalise5590
Popular Biology sets