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Biology Chapter 7B
Part 2 of Chapter 7 Vocab.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| *Nucleolus | A spherical structure (the largest structure) within the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell whose primary function is to produce ribosomes and transcribe ribosomal RNA genes. |
| *Ribosome | Cell organelle consisting of RNA and protein; found throughout the cytoplasm in a cell and is the site of protein synthesis. |
| *Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) | Passage that sends and delivers proteins. (Has ribosomes.) |
| *Golgi Apparatus | Packages and transports proteins out of the cell. (Moves molecules from ER to their destination.) |
| *Lysosome | A membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes that can break down macromolecules and worn-out cell parts “Cell’s garbage disposal”. |
| *Vacuole | Membrane-bound organelle that is like a sac, which doesn’t have a definite shape or size and stores water, food, protein, and waste, and regulates turgor pressure. (Bigger in plant, small in animal) |
| *Mitochondrion | Also known as the “powerhouse” and turns glucose into chemical energy by breaking down food to make energy for the cell. |
| *Chloroplast | Contains chlorophyll and makes food for the plant by converting light energy into glucose from photosynthesis. |
| *Cytoskeleton | A system of filaments or fibers that is present in the cytoplasm and helps cells maintain their shape and internal organization. |
| *Centriole | Found near the nucleus in animal cells and helps create the spindle for cell division (mitosis). |
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