Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bio Exam 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Metabolism | totality of an organism’s chemical reactions |
| Metabolic Pathway | a specific molecule that is altered in a series of defined steps, resulting in a certain product. Each step is catalyzed by a specific enzyme. |
| Catabolic Pathway | when a metabolic pathway releases energy by breaking down complex molecules to simpler compounds.; downhill One example is cellular respiration, which breaks down glucose and other organic fuels in the presence of oxygen to carbon dioxide and water |
| Anabolic Pathway | consume energy to build complicated molecules from simpler ones (biosynthetic pathways); uphill One example is the synthesis of an amine acid from simpler molecules and synthesis of a protein from amino acids. |
| Kinetic Energy | relative motion of objects |
| Thermal Energy | kinetic energy associated with the random movement of atoms or molecules. Thermal energy in transfer from one object to another is heat. |
| Potential Energy | anything that is not kinetic is potential energy An example is how molecules possess energy because of the arrangement of electrons in the bonds between their atoms |
| Chemical Energy | the potential energy available for release in a chemical reaction. An example is catabolic pathways that release energy by breaking down complex molecules. Glucose is high in chemical energy |
| Isolated System | unable to exchange either or energy or matter with its surroundings outside |
| Open System | allows energy and matter to be transferred between the system and its surrounds |
| Law of Thermodynamics | Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed (principle of conservation of energy) Every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe |
| Spontaneous | Energetically favorable occurs without an overall input of energy |
| Free energy | portion of a biological system’s energy that can perform work when temperature and pressure are uniform throughout the system. measure of system's instability |
| Delta G | change in free energy of a system -G is spontaneous |
| Delta H | the change in enthalpy (total energy) |
| Delta T | absolute temperature (Kelvin) |
| Delta S | the change in entropy |
| Exergonic | (energy outward); delta G is negative; occur spontaneously |
| Endergonic | (energy inward); delta G is positive; nonspontaneous |
| Energy Coupling | the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction |
| Activation Energy | the amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start; free energy of activation |
Created by:
angiec3811
Popular Biology sets