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Cells Unit
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cell | the basic unit of structure and function that makes up all organisms |
| metabolism | all the chemical reactions that occur within the cells of an organism |
| homeostasis | the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment even when the external environment changes |
| reproduction | the process by which organisms produce new organisms of the same type |
| cell respiration | the process in which nutrients are broken apart to release energy from the chemical bonds |
| synthesis | a life process that involves combining simple substances into more complex substances |
| organic | term used to describe molecules that contain both hydrogen and carbon |
| inorganic | a type of molecule that does not contain both carbon and hydrogen but can contain any other combination of atoms |
| organelle | a structure within the cell that carries out a specific function |
| cytoplasm | the jellylike substance that is between the cell membrane and the nucleus and that contains specialized structures |
| nucleus | a large structure within a cell that controls the cell’s metabolism and stores genetic information |
| vacuoles | storage sacs within the cytoplasm of a cell that may contain either wastes or useful materials |
| ribosomes | tiny structures in the cell that are the sites of protein production |
| Mitochondria | pod-shaped organelles that contain enzymes used to extract energy from nutrients |
| enzymes | proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in living things |
| chloroplasts | green organelles that contain chlorophyll; where photosynthesis takes place |
| cell membrane | the thin boundary between the cell and its environment |
| diffusion | the movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration |
| active transport | the process by which cells use energy to transport molecules through the cell membrane from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration |
| digestion | the process that breaks down large food molecules into simpler molecules that the organism can use |
| amino acids | any one of the subunits of protein |
| respiration | the process by which the chemical bond energy stored in nutrients is released for use in cells |
| synthesis | a life process that involves combining simple substances into more complex substances |
| biochemical process | a chemical process that occurs in a living thing |
| photosynthesis | the process by which some organisms are able to capture light energy and use it to make food from carbon dioxide and water |
| homeostasis | the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment even when the external environment changes |
| glucose | a sugar that is a major source of energy for cells |
| ATP | (adenine triphosphate) a compound that stores energy in cells |
| chloroplasts | green organelles that contain chlorophyll; where photosynthesis takes place |
| catalyst | a substance that can speed up the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed or used up during the reaction |
| pH | a measure of whether a substance is acidic |
Created by:
DrStokes
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