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Theo quiz 10/20
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the five ways | Five arguments for the existence of God They come from St. Thomas Aquinas’ famous work |
| 1st Way | Proof from motion |
| 2nd way | Proof from causality |
| 3rd Way | Proof from contingency of the world |
| 4th Way | proof from the grades of perfection |
| 5th Way | proof from finality ○ many people think this is an argument from intelligent design, it is NOT that |
| The 5 ways also DO NOT… | show that God created the world at some point in the past, or in time |
| Aquinas DID NOT believe | you could philosophically prove that the world had a beginning in time - all of his arguments are set-up presuming the world could be infinite or finite, it doesn’t really matter to him |
| The account of the 5 ways found in the ST | are not complete - they are meant to be summaries |
| The ST was written as | a textbook for Christians beginning theology studies - it was not meant to convince skeptics or be a work of apologetics |
| Aquinas devotes entire sections to | showing how the God he argued for must have the divine attributes Christianity believes in and eventually the Trinity |
| Aquinas NEVER says | “everything that exists must have a cause” |
| Teleology | the idea that things have ends or lead to something |
| Aquinas endorsed | Aristotle’s metaphysics, not Aristotle’s physics (or scientific theories) |
| Motion | In the world, some things are in motion. “It is certain, and evident to our senses, that in the world some things are in motion.” i. Notice he says some, he doesn’t say that everything that exists is in motion |
| Breakdown of motion | Something cannot be both actual and potential at the same time within the same thing |
| Motion Argument | 1. Whatever is in motion is put into motion by another 2. This cannot go on infinitely 3. it is necessary to arrive at a first mover, put into motion by no other(unmoved mover or unactualized actualizer) |
| Aquinas did not say | that everything that exists is in motion |
| God is | something-than-which-nothing-greater-can-be-thought |
| The atheist | has the idea of something-than-which-nothing-greater-can-be-thought in his mind, but does not think it exists in reality |
| It is greater for something to exist in both reality and the mind | rather than just the mind |
| Something-than-which-nothing-greater-can-be-thought (X) exists in the mind alone, | then there really is something-than-which-something-greater-can-be-thought (Y), This is a contradiction. The atheist accepts God as X, but at the same time says that Y, which is contradictory to X exist |
| if you can really hold the definition of God in your mind, | we can, as something-than-which-nothing-greater-can-be-thought, then He must actually exist in reality by the definition. |
| Philosophical Problem (Evil) | Is it logically possible for an infinitely good God to exist while evil also existing? |
| Emotional Problem (Evil) | How can God allow evil to happen to me? How do I bear it? |
| Evilness and God | - absence of God In God’s power, he doesn’t allow evil to exist in his works, unless it is meant to bring about some good. He allows evil to exist to produce a good |
| Recap on God | God is the act of to be itself - God is existing itself - In Catholic philosophy, existence=goodness - We say that God, as existence, is also goodness itself - God = goodness - The fundamental act of existing is goodness |
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japple
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