Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bio Ch. 8
Chromosomes & Human Genetics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| genetic disorder | a disease caused by a defective gene(s), or an abnormality in chromosome number or structure |
| pedigree | Shows genetic relationships among family members over 2 or more generations of a family’s medical history |
| karyotype | a photograph of a cell’s chromosomes with each set of homologous chromosomes paired up |
| sex chromosome | determine a person’s biological sex |
| autosome | homologous chromosomes exactly alike in length, shape, & genes |
| chromosomal abnormality | any change in the chromosome number or structure, compared to what is typical for a species |
| locus | the physical location of a gene on a chromosome |
| sex-linked | some trait or disease only found on the X or Y chromosome |
| x-linked | some trait or disease only found on the X chromosome |
| y-linked | some trait or disease only found on the Y chromosome |
| genetic carrier | person that carries the disorder allele |
| recessive genetic disorder | include several thousand human genetic disorders that are inherited as recessive traits on autosomes |
| dominant genetic disorder | an inherited disease caused by an autosomal dominant allele |
| gene therapy | a technique for correcting abnormal genes responsible for disease development |
| genetic engineering | the permanent introduction of one or more new or altered genes into a cell, tissue, or organism |
| amniocentesis | a prenatal genetic screening technique in which amniotic fluid is extracted from the pregnancy sac that surrounds a fetus by means of a needle that is inserted through the abdomen into the uterus |
| chorionic villus sampling (CVS) | a prenatal genetic screening technique in which cells are extracted by gentle suction from the villi (a cluster of cells that attaches the pregnancy sac to the wall of the uterus) |
| in vitro fertilization (IVF) | fertilization of an egg by a sperm in a petri dish, followed by implantation of one or more embryos into a woman's uterus |
| preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) | the removal of one or two cells from an embryo developing in a petri dish, usually 3 days after fertilization, followed by testing for genetic disorders |
| stem cells | unique, unspecialized cells that can make identical copies of themselves for long periods of time |
| mutation | changes to DNA sequences, or chromosome number or structure |
Created by:
nat.riv
Popular Biology sets