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Section 1-3 Vocab.
Straughn 9th Grade Honors Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| community | group of interacting populations that live in the same geographic area at the same time |
| limiting factor | biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the number, distribution, or reproduction of a population within a community |
| tolerance | organisms ability to survive biotic and abiotic factors. As the body becomes less responsive to a drug, an individual needs larger and more frequent doses to achieve the same effect |
| ecological succession | process by which one community replaces another community because of changing abiotic and biotic factors |
| primary succession | establishment of a community in an area of bare rock or bare sand, where no topsoil is present |
| climax community | stable, mature ecological community with little change in the composition of species |
| secondary successions | orderly change that occurs in a place where the soil remains after a community of organisms has been removed |
| weather | atmospheric conditions such as temperature and precipitation at a specific place and time |
| latitude | distance of a point on Earth's surface north or south of the equator |
| climate | average weather conditions in a specific area, determined by latitude, elevation, ocean currents, and other factors |
| tundra | treeless biome with permanently frozen soil under the surface and average yearly precipitation of 15-25 cm |
| boreal forest | biome south of the tundra with dense evergreen forests and long, cold, dry winters |
| temperate forest | biome south of the boreal forest characterized by broad-leaved, deciduous trees, well defined seasons, and average yearly precipitation of 75-150 cm |
| woodland | biome characterized by small trees and mixed shrub communities |
| grassland | biome characterized by fertile soils with a thick cover of grasses |
| desert | area with low rainfall, whose annual rate of evaporation exceeds its annual rate of precipitation; can support cacti and some grasses and animal species such as snakes and lizards |
| tropical savanna | biome characterized by grasses and scattered trees, and herd animals such as zebras and antelopes |
| tropical season forest | biome characterized by deciduous and evergreen trees, a dry season, and animal species that include monkeys, elephants, and Bengal tigers |
| tropical rain forest | hot, wet biome with year round humidity; contains Earth's most diverse species of plants and animals |
| sediment | material deposited by water, wind, or glaciers |
| littoral zone | area of a lake or pond closest to the shore |
| limnetic zone | well-lit, open-water, area of a lake or pond |
| plankton | tiny marine or freshwater organisms that serve as a food source for many fish species; often autotrophic |
| photic zone | open-ocean zone shallow enough for sunlight to penetrate |
| aphotic zone | open-ocean zone through which sunlight cannot penetrate |
| benthical zone | ocean-floor area consisting of sand, silt, and dead organisms |
| abyssal zone | deepest, very cold region of the open ocean |
| profundal zone | deepest, coldest area of a large lake with little light and limited biodiversity |
| wetlands | water-saturated land area that supports aquatic plants |
| estuary | unique, transitional ecosystem that supports diverse species and is formed where freshwater and ocean water merge |
| intertidal zone | narrow band of shoreline where the ocean and land meet that is alternately submerged and exposed and is home to constantly changing communitites |
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