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DNA/RNA

Structure and Replication

QuestionAnswer
Where is the DNA found in eukaryotic cells? in the nucleus
What organelle controls all the activities of the cell? the nucleus
What does DNA stand for? deoxyribonucleic acid
What are chromosomes? threadlike strands composed of DNA/genes
What are genes? segments of DNA that code for a particular protein or trait
Who discovered the structure of DNA? James Watson and Francis Crick
What is the structure of DNA? double helix (twisted ladder)
What is the backbone of DNA made of? Alternating sugar and phosphate molecules
What sugar makes up part of the backbone of DNA? deoxyribose
What are the four nitrogen bases that make up DNA? Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, and Cytosine
What base pairs with adenine in DNA? Thymine
What base pairs with cytosine? Guanine
What makes up a nucleotide? a nitrogen base, deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group
What are the sides of the DNA ladder held together by? hydrogen bonds
What is the purpose of messenger RNA? It takes the message of DNA through the nuclear pores to the ribosomes
What do ribosomes do? Translate the mRNA into proteins
What are the four nitrogen bases that make up RNA? Adenine, Guanine, Uracil, and Cytosine
What base pairs with adenine in RNA? Uracil
What sugar makes up part of the backbone of RNA? ribose
What does RNA stand for? ribonucleic acid
What is the structure of RNA? single stranded
What is the process of copying DNA called? replication
Why is replication considered semi-conservative? because the DNA saves one of the original strand and copies one new complementary strand
Created by: zahnsg
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