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U3 Rocks

Rocks and the Earth structures

TermDefinition
rock A large mass of stone formed from two or more minerals.
igneous rocks Rock that is formed from cooled and hardened magma or lava.
metamorphic rocks Rock type that is formed over time from existing rock due to extreme pressure and/or heat.
sedimentary Rocks Rock type formed from layers of sediment
mineral A naturally occurring inorganic solid with a distinct chemical composition and crystalline structure.
calcite White or colorless mineral found in Sedimentary rock (limestone, chalk, or marble).
feldspar Pale or colorless mineral that crystallizes from magma (can be found in Igneous or Metamorphic rocks).
graphite Gray, crystalized form of mineral of carbon that was used in pencils
mica Shiny mineral with layered structure found in granite or crystals.
pyrite Shiny, yellow mineral that many people think is gold.
quartz Hard, white mineral found in all 3 rocks: Sedimentary, Igneous and Metamorphic.
talc Softest mineral on Earth, can be scratched by fingernail.
mineral testing Geologists use variety of tests to find the properties of minerals that make up rocks
cleavage A property used to describe how a mineral breaks apart along smooth surfaces.
color shade of a rock
hardness A property of a mineral that describes how easy or hard to scratch
Luster Property of mineral that describes how it appears when it reflects light.
streak The color of the powder of a mineral when it is rubbed on a streak plate
streak plate Black or white ceramic tiles that are used to test the color of a streak when rubbed by a rock
erosion Process when rock, soil or Earth materials move from one place to another by gravity, wind, water or ice.
Wethering (physical) Breaking down of rocks through nature-weather: wind, water, ice, temperature change, plants.
landforms Beaches, valleys, sand dunes, hills, mountains, glaciers, plains, etc. formed by weathering and erosion.
naturl resources Things that we use that are supplied by nature; for example water, minerals, fuel, and soil.
pollution The contamination of the environment with pollutants (harmful substances).
non-renewable resource A source of energy that we are using up because it takes a very long time to make it.
coal Non-renewable energy source of dead plant/animal buried for million years, burned to make electricity.
fossil fuel Non-renewable energy from Earth heat & pressure of rocks/soil on dead plants/animals over million years.
natural gas non-renewable energy source that is a fossil fuel gas used for heating and cooking in homes
oil Non-renewable energy source-liquid fossil fuel from wells drilled in ground-is gasoline, fuel oils, more
FL renewable resource natural resource that can be used over and over again without running out of the resource.
solar energy energy from the sun is collected and used to make enrgy
geothermal energy Heat from the center of the Earth is used to create energy and make electricity.
water (hydro energy) Moving water is collected and used as an energy source
wind energy Giant windmills collect energy from moving air to transform into electricity.
Florida resources Natural supplies found mostly in Florida and used for surviving and living
Limestone Sedimentary rock found mostly in Florida and used for building materials, making roads and cement.
oil Oil is drilled in Florida and used to make gas and electricity.
phosohate Mined in Florida and mostly used to make fertilizer for farms; also used in toothpaste, vitamins and soda.
sillica Found in sand and makes up Earth’s crust; used to make caulk, glass and electronics.
magma liquid molten rock that isnunder the Earth's crust
Lava When magma exits a volcano, hits the land and cools.
Created by: bokenkamp_j
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