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Earth and Moon Vocab

Science 6th grade

TermDefinition
Axis the imaginary ,line that passes through Earth's center and the North and South poles
Rotation Object spinning on its axis. Causes Earth's Day and night
Day lasts for 24 hours. Caused by Earth's rotation so that it is facing the sun during the day and facing away at night.
Revolution the movement of one object around the sun causes a year.
Year lasts for 365 1/4 days and is caused by the Earth's revolution around the Sun.
Orbit Earth's path is it revolves around the sun
Latitude a measurement of distance from the equator--expressed in degrees north or south of the equator
Season caused by the Earth's tilt and the changing position around the Sun.
Equinox halfway between the Solstice days. The start of tjhe "in between seasons" (not too hot, not too cold). Means "equal night."
Solstice the two days each year when the noon sun is at either 23.5 degrees south or north. The axis is tilted directly toward or away from the sun.
Vernal Equinox the first day of spring. Around March 21st.
Autumnal Equinox the first day of fall. Around September 23rd
Summer Solstice The north end of the axis is tilted directly TOWARD the sun. The first day of summer Around June 21st. LONGEST day of the year
Winter Solstice The north end of the axis is tilted directly AWAY from the sun, the first day of winter. Around December 21st. SHORTEST day of the year.
Ellipse A flattened, oval shape. This is the shape of the Earth's orbit.
Total Solar Eclipse only visible when you are in the UMBRA part of the shadow. The entire sun will seem to disappear.
Partial Solar Eclipse Visible when you are in the PENUMBRA part of the shadow. Part of sun's light will disappear
Lunar Phase the different shapes of the moon that depend on hos much of the sunlight side of the Moon is facing Earth
Crescent Phases only a tiny amount of light is showing (a small crease)
Quarter Phases when you see "half" of the circle (but really it is 1/4 of the moon
Gibbous Phases when the Moon is almost full. Right before or after the full moon phase. hint: give us more moon
Solar Eclipse when the moon passes directly betweem the Earth and the Sun, blocking the sunlight from reaching Earth.
Eclipse when an object in space comes between the Sun and a third object, and casts a shadow on that object.
Lunar Eclipse When the Earth passes directly between the moon and the sun.
Umbra darkest part of the shadow- this is where the sun is totally blocked
Penumbra lighter part of the shadow- only part of the sun's rays are blocked
Created by: mcwteachesu
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