The 4th stage of mitosis, in which the chromatids of each chromosome have separated and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the poles of the cell.

A method of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms in which the cell grows to roughly double its size and then divides into 2 cells.

In a duplicated chromosome, the region on each sister chromatid where it is most closely attached to its sister chromatid by proteins that bind to the centromeric DNA.

A structure present in the cytoplasm of animal cells that functions as a microtubule-organizing center and is important during cell division.

The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up eukaryotic chromosomes; exists in a dispersed form when the cell isn't dividing.

A structure in the centrosome of an animal cell composed of a cylinder of microtubule-organizing center and is important during cell division.

A cellular structure consisting of 1 DNA molecule and associated protein molecules.

The first sign of cleavage in an animal cell; a shallow groove around the cell in the cell surface near the old metaphase plate.

Cyclin-Dependent Kinase

A protein kinase that is active only when attached to a particular cyclin.

A cellular protein that occurs in a cyclically fluctuating concentration and that plays an important role in regulating the cell cycle.

A structure of proteins attached to the centromere that links each sister chromatid to the mitotic spindle.

The division of the cytoplasm to form 2 separate daughter cells immediately after mitosis, meiosis I, or meiosis II.

2 copies of duplicated chromosome attached to each other by proteins at the centromere and, sometimes, along the arms; while joined, they make up 1 chromosome; separated during mitosis or meiosis II.

The period in the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing.

The first stage of mitosis, in which the chromatin condenses into discrete chromosomes visible with a light microscope, the mitotic spindle begins to form, and the nucleolus disappears but the nucleus remains intact.

The third stage of mitosis, in which the spindle is complete and chromosomes, attached to microtubules at their kinetochores, are all aligned at the metaphase plate.

The fifth and final stage of mitosis, in which daughter nuclei are forming and cytokinesis has typically begun.

The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated.

The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle consisting of the portion o f interphase before DNA synthesis begins.

The second gap, or growth phase, of the cel cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs.

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Bio Ch. 12 Terms

Term	Definition
Anaphase	The 4th stage of mitosis, in which the chromatids of each chromosome have separated and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the poles of the cell.
Binary Fission	A method of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms in which the cell grows to roughly double its size and then divides into 2 cells.
Centromere	In a duplicated chromosome, the region on each sister chromatid where it is most closely attached to its sister chromatid by proteins that bind to the centromeric DNA.
Centrosome	A structure present in the cytoplasm of animal cells that functions as a microtubule-organizing center and is important during cell division.
Chromatin	The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up eukaryotic chromosomes; exists in a dispersed form when the cell isn't dividing.
Centriole	A structure in the centrosome of an animal cell composed of a cylinder of microtubule-organizing center and is important during cell division.
Chromosome	A cellular structure consisting of 1 DNA molecule and associated protein molecules.
Cleavage Furrow	The first sign of cleavage in an animal cell; a shallow groove around the cell in the cell surface near the old metaphase plate.
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase	A protein kinase that is active only when attached to a particular cyclin.
Cyclin	A cellular protein that occurs in a cyclically fluctuating concentration and that plays an important role in regulating the cell cycle.
Kinetochore	A structure of proteins attached to the centromere that links each sister chromatid to the mitotic spindle.
Cytokinesis	The division of the cytoplasm to form 2 separate daughter cells immediately after mitosis, meiosis I, or meiosis II.
Sister Chromatids	2 copies of duplicated chromosome attached to each other by proteins at the centromere and, sometimes, along the arms; while joined, they make up 1 chromosome; separated during mitosis or meiosis II.
Interphase	The period in the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing.
Prophase	The first stage of mitosis, in which the chromatin condenses into discrete chromosomes visible with a light microscope, the mitotic spindle begins to form, and the nucleolus disappears but the nucleus remains intact.
Metaphase	The third stage of mitosis, in which the spindle is complete and chromosomes, attached to microtubules at their kinetochores, are all aligned at the metaphase plate.
Telophase	The fifth and final stage of mitosis, in which daughter nuclei are forming and cytokinesis has typically begun.
S Phase	The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated.
G1	The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle consisting of the portion o f interphase before DNA synthesis begins.
G2	The second gap, or growth phase, of the cel cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs.

Created by: ElizabethF18

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