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BIO test #3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Glycolysis occurs in the | cytoplasm |
| Glycolysis needs oxygen: y/n | No |
| By then end of the glycolysis process, how many ATP's does it have for each glucose molecule | 4 ATPS |
| Kreb's Cycle occurs in the | matrix of the mitochondria |
| ETS occurs in the | IMM and space in between membranes |
| The last step of ETS is a chemical reaction: | 4H---->2H2O |
| ETS needs oxygen: y/n | Yes |
| Kreb's cycle needs oxygen:Y/N | Not really |
| ETS produces how many ATP's | 32 |
| Anaerobic respiration | does not need oxygen |
| Light dependent photosynthesis occurs in | thylakoid membrane |
| Stroma | liquid in between the grana in the choloplast |
| Light capturing events occurs in | the membrane in the thylakoids |
| Chlorophyll | absorbs red and blue wavelengths of light from sunlight |
| Light reaction chemical equation | 2H20 + energy----> 4H+ + O2 |
| Dark reactions occur in | the stroma |
| Dark reaction chemical equation | CO2 + 5-carbon sugar----> 6 carbon sugar |
| Photosynthesis chemical reaction | CO2+ H2O + energy --> O2 + glucose |
| Hershey and Chase | proved that DNA and not proteins control genetic characteristics of bacteria |
| Franklin, Watson, and Crick | determined that the structure of DNA is two strands twisting around each other to form the double helix |
| DNA replication | process by which the cell makes a complete copy of its DNA before the cell divides |
| DNA strand G is attached to | C |
| DNA strand A is attached to | T |
| DNA in a single human cell contains about how many pairs? | 3 billion |
| Helicase enzymes attach to the DNA and double helix (step 1 of DNA replication) | and pushes the two strands apart |
| (Step 2 of DNA replication) What enzyme attaches to the opened strands of DNA and makes a copy of each strand | DNA Polymerase (or DNA Pol) |
| Transcription occurs in the | nucleus |
| Transcription is the process by which | an RNA copy is made of a piece of DNA |
| What is the RNA copy of the piece of DNA called? | mRNA or messengerRNA |
| Translation occurs in the | cytoplasm |
| Mutation is | any change in the DNA sequence of an organism |
| Mutations can be caused by | ultraviolet light, nuclear radiation, certain chemicals, certain mistakes made by DNA multiplication and certain viruses |
| Point mutation | one base in the DNA is replaced by another base |
| Insertion | adds an extra base to a sequence |
| Deletion | removes a base |
| Restriction enzymes | cuts DNA into a smaller pieces to locate a specific fragment |
| Taxonomy | classification of living things |
| King Phillip Choose Only Fresh Green Spinach | Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species |
| DNA in human cells is divided into | 46 large pieces called chromosomes |
| Males have | one X and one Y chromosome |
| Females have | two X chromosomes |
| Diploid cells are | cells with 46 chromosomes |
| 22 of 23 chromosome pairs are called | autosomes |
| 23 chromosome pair is called | sex chromosomes |
| allele | a specific version of a particular gene |
| homologous chromosomes | are pairs of chromosomes that are similar to each other but don't contain exact same DNA |
| genotype | describes combination of alleles in a person's DNA |
| Phenotype | how the organism actually appears |
Created by:
rebeckd
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