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Ecology - Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is ecology? | the study of interaction among organisms and their environment |
| what does abiotic mean? | nonliving factors in an ecosystem |
| what does biotic mean? | living factors in an ecosystem |
| what is a biosphere? | planet where all life exists |
| what is a biome? | group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar communities |
| what is an ecosystem? | collection of organisms in a space, along with the nonliving physical space |
| what is a community? | organisms that live in the same place |
| what is a population? | group of individuals that belong to the same species |
| what is an individual? | one member of a species |
| what is a species? | group of similar organisms that can breed and produce offspring |
| what is a producer / autotroph? | organism that makes its own food |
| what is photosynthesis? | when a producer use sunlight to make sugar |
| what is a consumer / heterotroph? | getting food from another source |
| what is a herbivore? | organism that only eats plants |
| what is a carnivore? | organism that eats meat |
| what is a decomposer? | bacteria, decomposes everything |
| what is a scavenger? | feed on the carasses of other animals |
| what is a food chain? | how energy passes through an ecosystem |
| what is a food web? | involve a network of complex interaction, all food chains together showing all relationships |
| what is trophic level? | steps in the food chain |
| what is an omnivore? | organism that eats both plants and meat |
| what is a energy pyramid? | available energy at one trophic level that is transferred to another level (by consumption) |
| what rule does the energy pyramid follow? | 10% rule |
| what is a biomass pyramid? | shows the amount of dry organic mass at each level |
| what is a number pyramid? | shows the number of individuals on each trophic level |
| what are ecological pyramids? | diagrams showing amounts of energy, matter, or individuals within a trophic level |
| what does invasive species mean? | invasive or introduced species are organisms that are added to an existing ecosystem |
| what effect does an invasive species have on the energy flow within an ecosystem? | they can have long lasting effects on the ecosystem, they explode in population because they have no predators, this causes a concern when looking at native food webs. |
| what is competition? | (-,-) both organisms are effected |
| what is predation? | (+,-) predator is benefiting, prey is effected |
| what is mutualism? | (+,+) both organisms benefit |
| what is commensalism? | (+,0) one organism benefits, the other is not effected |
| what is parasitism? | (+,-) one organism benefits, the other is effected |
| what is niche? | full range of physical and biological conditions where an organism lives (how an organism lives and the job it does) |
| what is competitive exclusion principle? | no two species can occupy exactly the same niche |
Created by:
smattes
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