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Bio Ch. 1

Scientific Method

TermDefinition
science a body of knowledge (data) about the natural world, evidence-based process for acquiring that knowledge
science is subject to peer review (always), open to challenge (1 vs 1), & a self-correcting enterprise
another name for scientific method process of science
scientific method the practices that produce scientific knowledge
observation a description, measurement, or record of any object or phenomenon
hypothesis an informed, logical, & plausible explanation for observations of the natural world
conditions for a hypothesis testable, falsifiable, and be precise enough to make predictions
falsifiable must make predictions that can be clearly determined to be true or false
a hypothesis can be _____, but no amount of testing can ____ a hypothesis with complete certainty supported, prove
types of observational studies descriptive, analytical, & statistical
descriptive study reports information about what is found in nature
analytical study looking for patterns in the data & addressing how or why they came to exist
statistics branch of mathematics that estimates the reliability of data
experiment a repeatable manipulation of one or more aspects of the natural world
variables characteristics of an object or an individual organism that can change
independent variable the variable that is manipulated (changed)
dependent variable responds to changes in the independent variable
independent variable is the _____, & the dependent variable is the _____ cause, effect
controlled experiment an experiment in which only one variable is manipulated at a time
control group maintained under a standard set of conditions with no change in the independent variable
treatment group maintained under the same standard set of conditions as the control group, but the independent variable is manipulated
peer-reviewed publication published research after it has passed the scrutiny of experts who have no direct involvement in the research under review
scientific fact a direct & repeatable observation of the natural world
scientific theory a well-tested explanation for a wide range of observations or experimental results
biological hierarchy atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biomes, & biosphere
microorganism microscopic animal or plant
cell smallest & basic unit of life
DNA the genetic code of life, consisting of two parallel strands of nucleotides twisted into a double helix
energy the capacity of any object to do work, which is the capacity to bring about a change in a defined system
sense to perceive the world through a sensory system (such as sight, touch, or smell)
science CAN'T tell us what's morally right or wrong or tell us about religion or supernatural elements
science can NEVER prove anything since there's too many explanations in the universe for things
homeostasis the process of maintaining constant internal conditions
evolution the gradual change in a species over time
data information collected in a scientific study
Created by: nat.riv
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