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Freshwater Resources

freshwater

TermDefinition
Zone of aeration Between the water table and Earth’s surface.
Water table Upper layer of the zone of saturation.
Zone of saturation Water backs up, filling the pores of the rock layer above the impermeable layer.
Bedrock Impermeable layer – bottom of aquifer.
Aquifer Body of rock through which water flows or is stored.
Recharge area Replenishes groundwater (precipitation and runoff). If not replenished (drought), then water table will be lower.
Artesian Well/Confined Aquifer Well in which water spouts out of an aquifer due to pressure from surrounding water, so no pump is necessary.
Cone of Depression Water is removed faster than it can be replaced forming a depression. Forms a V shape at the water table (lowering it).
Spring Natural flow of groundwater that flows to the earth’s surface and flows out (source of freshwater).
Tributaries Small streams that feed into rivers, the watershed (the land from which the water runs into the streams), and channel (the path the stream follows).
Delta Forms when a river hits a larger body of water – the velocity decreases dramatically and sediments will settle in a fan shape.
Alluvial Fan Forms when sediments are deposited in a triangle shape at the base of a mountain stream.
Meander Curve in a stream.
Floodplain The broad, flat valley floor that gets covered with water.
Oxbow Lake A meander that has closed off forming a lake.
Glacier A “river” of ice. A moving mass of snow and ice that moves downhill. Form when more snow and ice accumulate than melt.
Watershed The drainage area (land) for a bay or river/streams.
Estuary Where fresh and salt water mix, producing variations in salinity and high biological activity.
Percolation The slow movement of water through the soil. Cleans and purifies.
Transpiration Water released by plants into air.
Chesapeake Bay Largest estuary in the United States
Created by: jadams2021
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