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Stars & Universe

10 Space

TermDefinition
absolute magnitude actual brightness of a star
apparent magnitude brightness of a star as seen from Earth
galaxies very large groups of stars and dust held together by gravity
supernova huge explosion that happens at the end of the life cycle of supergiant star. A neutron star or black hole remains.
parallax apparent movement of close stars against the background of distant stars when viewed from different positions around the Earth’s orbit
light year a unit of astronomical distance equivalent to the distance that light travels in one year
parsec a unit of distance used in astronomy, equal to about 3.26 light years
astronomy the branch of science which deals with celestial objects, space, and the physical universe as a whole
star any massive self-luminous celestial body of gas that shines by radiation derived from its internal energy sources
The Milky Way The name of the galaxy that contains our solar system
black hole the remains of a star, which forms when the force of gravity of a large neutron star is so great that not even light can escape
Stella nebula clouds of dust and gas that may be pulled together by gravity and heat up to form a star
nuclear fusion joining together of the nuclei of lighter elements to form another element, with the release of energy
Red giant A dying star in the final stages of stellar evolution that originates from an average sized star
red supergiant A dying star in the final stages of stellar evolution that originates from a massive star
White dwarf a small very dense star that has exhausted all its central nuclear fuel and lost its outer layers as a planetary nebula.
black dwarf a theoretical stellar remnant, specifically a white dwarf that has cooled sufficiently to no longer emit significant heat or light.
planetary nebula a region of cosmic gas and dust formed from the cast-off outer layers of a dying star
Neutron star very small star formed by the gravitational collapse of the remnant of a massive star after a supernova explosion, provided that the star is insufficiently massive to produce a black hole.
blue shift shift of lines of a spectral pattern towards the blue end when a light source is moving rapidly towards the observer
Doppler effect observed change in frequency of a wave when the wave source and observer are moving in relation to each other
red shift shift of lines of a spectral pattern towards the red end when the source is moving away from the observer
spectrum light from a source separated out into the sequence of colours, showing the different frequencies
big bang theory a theory which states that the universe began about 15 billion years ago with the explosive expansion of a singularity
cosmology the study of the beginning and end of the universe
steady state theory a theory which states that there was no beginning to the universe and that the universe does not change in appearance
Created by: Bsutton22
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