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cells and cell funct
test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Who were the two people who originally discovered cells? Why is each important? | Robert Hooke – Looked at tree bark and saw dead cells Anton von Leeuwenhoek – first to observe living cell |
| Where did the term “cell” come from? | Looked at tree bark and saw dead cells Called them cells b/c it reminded him of the monastery rooms monks lived in |
| Outline the three statements of the Cell Theory: | a.All living things are made of cells b.Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of living things c.Cells only come from other cells (no spontaneous generation) |
| What two factors limit the size of a cell? | limited by surface area and volume |
| Identify and describe the fundamental ways cells are classified based on their nucleus. | Prokaryotes - Cells that don't have a nucleus Eukaryotes – Cells that Have a nucleus |
| What is the difference between digestion and synthesis? | Digestion - breaking large substances into smaller ones Synthesis - putting together materials needed for growth and functioning |
| How is secretion like excretion? How is secretion different from excretion? | Excretion - getting rid of wastes Secretion - special cells that produce substances w/ specific function |
| Name some common examples of cellular secretions. | melanin, insulin, oil, sweat, tears, saliva |
| What is cellular respiration and why is it so important to a cell? | breaking down glucose to release the stored energy |
| Identify the two barriers that separate a cell from the environment. How are they different? | Cell wall - thick rigid barrier that protects and supports a cell Cell membrane - thin, flexible semi permeable barrier |
| What is the correct term for the fluid found inside a cell? | cytoplasm |
| Describe the function of the nucleus. | organelle in the nucleus that makes Ribosomes |
| What do ribosomes do? | assemble amino acids for proteins |
| On what organelle are ribosomes located (include the function of this also)? | -Endoplasmic reticulum is the organelle where ribosomes are located it is a system of transporting proteins throughout the cell |
| From what organelle does the cell get its energy? | mitochondria |
| Name the cell process that occurs in the mitochondria | cellular respiration |
| What molecule is the key molecule for energy in a cell? | ATP |
| What do the Golgi bodies do for a cell? | package and export proteins in the cell |
| How are Golgi bodies related to the endoplasmic reticulum? | They are both are used to move proteins |
| What is the cytoskeleton? | framework of proteins that give cells shape |
| Name the different attachments commonly seen on the cell surface | cilia and flagella |
| define the difference between flagella and cilia | cilia is like hair and the flagella have whip like tails |
| what kind of environment you might find cells that use them. | Aquatic environments |
| What is diffusion? | moving from a high concentration to a low concentration |
| Why is diffusion important in our study of cells? | maintains proper balance (homeostasis) of a cell |
| What is osmosis | movement of water molecules from low solute to high solute |
| Why is osmosis important in our study of cells | keeps cells hydrated |
| What is active transport? | using energy to move materials across the cell membrane. |
| Name and explain the two main types of active transport. | Endocytosis - takes materials into the cell Exocytosis - moves materials out of the cell |
| how are multicellular organisms constructed. | cells, tissues, organs, organ system, organism |
| What two unique processes must occur to form a multicellular organism from a single cell? | Cell division and cell differentiation |
| Where is the energy stored in ATP | chemical bonds |
| What experiment proved the theory to be false? (spontaneous generation) | bacteria and meat one |
Created by:
KiahnaL
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