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Cell Structure

Cell structure and functions

TermDefinition
Nucleolus looks like a "ball" located within the nucleus that makes ribosomes.
Chromosome Contain genetic information passed from one generation to the next.
Lipid Contains fats, and oils to make cell membranes.
Nucleus The large membrane-enclosed structure (in the center of the cell) that contains DNA.
Multicellular Consisting of many cells.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Makes lipids and proteins. There are two types of ER's (smooth and rough)
Cell Membrane Surrounds and protects the cell. Is double layered
Chloroplast Makes chemical energy from sunlight.
Golgi body Functions to modify, sort, and package proteins.
Ribosome A type of RNA that assemble proteins.
Chromatin A relaxed (random directional and yarn looking) form of DNA before being wrapped around protein spheres forming chromosomes.
Eukaryote Organism whose cells contain a nucleus.
Amino acids Form protein when they are linked together into a chain.
Nuclear envelope Made up of two membranes that surround the nucleus.
Mitochondrion Makes chemical energy (ATP) for the cell (mitochondria = plural/many)
Carbohydrates Main source of energy for cells (make up = carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen).
unicellular Consisting of only one cell.
Vacuoles Stores water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Prokaryotes Organisms that have genetic material (DNA) that is NOT contained within a cell nucleus.
Cytoskeleton Gives a stable shape to eukaryotic cells.
Cell wall Helps to support the plant cell.
Organelles Little "organs" inside of cells with specialized functions.
Centriole Helps to organize the motion of the chromosomes during cell division (mitosis).
Cytoplasm Jelly- like substance within the cell membrane where the organelles are located like fish in a fish tank.
Lysosome "The clean up crew". Uses enzymes to digest cellular waste.
Protein Help make up muscle tissue and is made of amino acids linked together.
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