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Fish Skeletal System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why is fish osteology important? | For understanding form and function, especially how particular bone structures relate to locomotion and feeding. |
| What does a skeleton do? | Provides framework and supports the body. |
| What is osteology? | Study of bones |
| Why is fish osteology hard to study? | Fish have so many small bones compared to humans and other non-fish organisms, |
| How are fish bodies studied? | By using dermestid/defleshing beetles to remove everything but the bones. Can also use cleared or stained fish. |
| What is the neurocranium? | The neurocranium is the part of the head that protects the brain and sensory organs. Upper and back part of the head. |
| What are the four regions of the neurocranium? | Ethmoid, orbital, otic, basicranial |
| What is the basicranial? | The posterior portion of the upper skull, forming a passageway for spinal cord. |
| What is the branchiocranium? | The branchiocranium is used for feeding, protection, and support of gills. |
| What is the mandibular arch? | Forms upper jaw and parts of lower jaw. |
| What are the Palantine and Hyoid Arches? | The bones in the roof of the mouth, the parts of the lower jaw and suspension, and the gill supports. |
| What is in the opercular and branchial series? | The gill covers, gill arches, gill rakers, and pharyngeal teeth. |
| What are canine teeth like? | They have large sharp pointed teeth. Bowfin have them. |
| What are villiform teeth like? | They have small, sharp, needle like points. Gars have them. |
| What are molariform teeth like? | They are big, sturdy teeth used to crushing and grinding. Horn sharks and cownose rays have them. |
| What are cardiform teeth like? | They have fine points, and are arranged as if in a wool card. They also feel rough. Largemouth bass have them. |
| What are incisor teeth like? | They are large teeth with a flattened cutting surface, like front 2 human teeth but lined up in rows. Chimeras have them. |
| What are beak teeth like? | Teeth formed into points on the front of the jaw. Parrotfishes have them. |
| What are pharyngeal teeth like? | Weird horrible throat teeth that are used to crack shells. |
| What is the branchial complex? | Four pairs of gill arches with gill rakers, can have patches of pharyngeal tooth patches. |
| What is the opercular apparatus? | Flat bones that cover gills, also protect gills and involved in respiration and feeding. |
| What is a notochord? | Rod-like longitudinal supporting structure in chordate embryos. Disappears after embryonic stage in most, but some Chondrichthyes and lobe finned fishes retain the notochord. |
Created by:
barthurs
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