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Apes Unit 2
BRUH
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Genetic | various types of genes for a species |
| Species | various types of species in an ecosystem (species richness) |
| Ecological | various types of niches, trophic levels, productivity of community |
| Biodiversity Hot Spots | places teeming with life Tropical regions, near bodies of water Estuaries, tropical forests, coral reefs, etc. 3-100 million species exist |
| Species Richness | many different species living in an ecosystem |
| Species Evenness | equal distribution of different species in an ecosystem |
| H | abitat destruction |
| I | nvasive species |
| P | ollution |
| P | opulation (human) |
| O | verharvesting |
| Habitat Fragmentation | patches of land where owls live Goal – to get rid of animal More prone to disasters Road-building, housing, dam construction Umbrella Species/Keystone Species |
| Invasive Species – Kudzu | introduced by humans will outcompete native species for resources Introduced vs. invasive vine that coils/wraps around trees |
| DDT | pesticide (chlorine-based) Seals, condors |
| Lead | released from shotguns, on bottom of lakes Ducks, swans, etc. |
| Mercury | Minimata Chemical Company – dumping Mercury (chemical sludge) into Minimata Bay |
| Human population Need for timber products Overlogging Trees | exponential (resource need) Need for timber products deforestation (desertification) niche for various species |
| Overharvesting | overhunting, overfishing, overfarming |
| Bushmeat | meat from chimps, elephants, antelope, etc. Delicacies |
| CITES Lacey Act | convention regarding trading of endangered species (1900) – no plants/animals bought illegally can be sold/traded |
| Critically Endangered Endangered Species Vulnerable Species | on the verge of extinction |
| Endangered Species | in danger of extinction |
| Vulnerable Species | threatened |
| Endangered Species Act | 1973 IUCN - Identifies all species in danger of extinction |
| lag | Small amount of resources |
| Exponential | Resources available increase |
| Reproduction lag time | Babies after food supply runs out |
| Stationary | populations hovers around carry capacity (K) |
| Density independent | Population factors not related to population size "Climate or weather" |
| Density dependent | Population factors are related to population size "disease or predation" |
| Symbiotic Relationship | interaction between two species |
| Commensalism | one species benefits, the other is unaffected (+, 0) |
| Geographic Isolation | species being separated by geographical object |
| Environmental Changes | – different conditions = different traits are favored mammals post dinosaur extinction |
| General Adaptation | – adapting to environment around it (giraffe necks) |
| Adaptive Radiation | species founds a new place, takes up all available niches |
| Stable Gene Pool | – a large population = random mating |
| Bottleneck Effect (non-random mating) | – small number of population isolated (founder effect) |
| Island Gigantism | – small species growing larger Komodo Dragon |
| Island Dwarfism | – larger species growing smaller (pygmy) |
| Resource Partitioning | – dividing resources amongst competing species |
| Coevolution | - 2+ organisms evolving together |
| Avoiding Predation | Camouflage Chemical warfare Coloration Mimicking – Looking like something more dangerous |
| Directional | – shifting toward ONE extreme |
| Stabilizing | – shifting toward the MIDDLE |
| Disruptive | – shifting toward BOTH extremes |
| Pioneer Species | – first species to inhabit area (ballers) Lichens (fungi + algae) FORMS SOIL |
| Pioneer Community | – first life forms and their niches Lichens, generalists |
| Complex Community | – more diverse, abundant life, specialists |
| Catastrophic | – sudden change in ecosystem Natural – disease, flood, volcanic eruption Human Caused – toxic waste, overgrazing, urbanization |
| Gradual | – slow, steady change in ecosystem Natural – climate change, evolution Human Caused – soil/air pollution, “pest” elimination, non-native species |
| Supporting services | The natural processes that maintain other ecosystem services. Soil formation, habitat, nutrient & water cycling. |
| Provisioning services | Goods or products obtained from the natural world. Food, fuel, raw materials, freshwater & medicines. |
| Regulating services | An ecosystem's control of natural processes. Air quality, climate, erosion control, pollination & natural disaster mitigation. |
| Cultural services | Our use of the natural world for inspiration, recreation, education and spiritual means. Biomimetics, ecotourism, books, films & animal assisted therapy |
| Ecosystem Services | Services provided by the natural world that benefit people. |
Created by:
Maxs.
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