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Ecosystem quiz
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ecology | The study of relationships among living organisms and the interactions they have w/their environment |
| Food chain | A simple model that shows how energy and nutrients flow through an ecosystem |
| Food web | A model representing the many interconnected food chains and pathways in which energy and nutrients flow through a group organisms |
| Producer | An organism that makes its own food |
| Primary consumer | Makes up the second trophic level |
| Secondary consumer | Largely Carnivores that feed on the primary consumer or herbivores |
| Tertiary consumer | Those that eat the secondary consumers |
| Trophic level | Each step in a food chain or food web |
| Autotroph | An organism that collects energy from sunlight or inorganic substances to produce food. They are the foundation of all ecosystems bc they convert energy from the sun into forms other organisms can use they also make up the first trophic level |
| Heterotroph | An organism that gets its energy requirements by consuming other organisms. They make up the remaining levels. |
| Decomposer | Organisms that breaks down dead organic material |
| Biotic factors | Living factors in an organisms environment |
| Abiotic factor | Non living factor in an organism environment |
| Biomass | The total mass of living matter at each trophic level |
| Species | Organisms that can interbreed with each other and produce fertile offspring A class of individuals having some common characteristics or qualities distinct sort or kind |
| Chemosynthesis | Process by which organisms use chemical energy instead of sunlight energy to make food |
| Ecological pyramid | A diagram that can show the relative amounts of energy biomass or numbers of organisms At each trophic level in an ecosystem |
| Organism | Lowest level of organization |
| Biome | A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms |
| Biosphere | Consists of all the biomes on earth combined |
| Ecosystem | A biological community and all the abiotic factors that affect it |
| Community | A group of interacting population that occupy the same geographic area at the same time |
| Population | Group of individuals of the same species that share the same geographic location at the same time |
| Symbiosis | Two organisms that live together temporarily or for a longer time at least one of the organisms benefits from the relationship |
| Mutualism | A relationship between two species in which both species benefit |
| Parasitism | A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed |
| Commensalism | A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is neither harmed or benefited |
| Ecological succession | changes through time in the numbers and types of species that make up the community of an ecosystem |
| Primary succession | change in the numbers and types of species that live in a community that occurs in an area that has never before been colonized by organisms and lacks soil. |
| Secondary succession | change in the numbers and types of species that live in a community that occurs in an area that has soil and was previously colonized but has been disturbed |
| Climax community | final, stable community resulting from ecological succession that is theoretically possible but unlikely in most real-world ecosystems |
| Limiting factor | a factor that controls the growth of a population |
| Biodiversity | variety of species/life in an ecosystem |
| Pioneer species | type of species that first colonized a disturbed area. |
| Explain the difference between abiotic and biotic factors | An abiotic factor is the non living factor in an organisms environment while a biotic factor is the living factor in an organisms environment |
| Describe the flow of energy and nutrients through an ecosystem | They are passed around through the food chain and food webs, when one organism eats another organism. |
| Species richness | the number of species within a defined region |
| Species abundance | the number of individuals per species |
| Evenness | how close in numbers each species in an environment is |
| Chemoautotroph | A type of autotroph that does not use the sun for energy but rather inorganic compounds |
| Why are there fewer apex predators than there are primary consumers or producers | Because energy decreases with each trophic level, biomass the mass of all living things organisms in an ecosystem also decreases with each stage in the food chain |
| How can a ecological pyramid represent different trophic levels | An ecological pyramid is a diagram that can show the relative amounts of Wendy biomass or numbers at each tropic level in an ecosystem |
| How are mutualism,parasitism,commensalism types of symbiosis | They all have an interaction between 2 different organisms living in close physical association, and at least one of the organisms benefits from the relationship |
| Compare and contrast primary and secondary succession | Similar-they both have pioneer species that are mainly plants How are they different- primary is the establishment of a rock community in an area of exposed rock that does not have topsoil. Meanwhile secondary is the orderly and predictable change that ta |
| Explain what determines climax community | The food availability,water,predators, and temperature |
Created by:
pmartinez
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