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Science Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the smallest unit of matter | atom |
| positively charged particles that are in the nucleus and contribute to the atomic mass | proton |
| particles that have no charge, are in the nucleus, and contributes to the atomic mass | neutron |
| particles that have a negative charge, mass is insignificant, defines the properties of an atom | electron |
| the place where the protons and neutrons can be found | nucleus |
| the place where electrons can be found | electron cloud/orbital |
| reactivity | a measure of how readily a substance is able to undergo a reaction |
| group/ families | columns |
| ONE electron in the outer shell (VALENCE ELECTRON) Most reactive In nature, only found combined with other elements Other shared properties: Soft Silver color Shiny Low density | alkali metals |
| TWO valence electrons Very reactive, but NOT as much as Group 1 Other shared properties: Soft Silver color Shiny Higher density than alkali metals | alkali earth metals |
| 7 valence electrons Very reactive (again) Other shared properties: Poor conductors Violent reactions with alkali metals to form salts; never uncombined in nature. Always found in compounds! | halogens |
| Full set of valence electrons- do not need to react Unreactive/Inert Other shared properties: Colorless Odorless Gases at room temperature | noble gases |
| periods | rows |
| a pure substance made up of many atoms with the same atomic number | element |
| a substance made of atoms that have combined with different kinds of atoms | compound |
| the simplest unit of chemical compound. 2 or more atoms joined together | molecule |
| Most elements Solid at room temp Shiny Ductile Malleable Good conductors of heat/electricity | metal |
| More than half are gases at room temp Dull Brittle Poor conductors of heat/electricity | nonmetals |
| Aka semiconductors Some properties of metals and some of nonmetals Examples: (Tellurium = shiny but brittle. Boron is hard but brittle and a good conductor of electricity.) | metalloid |
| determines the chemical reactions the atom can participate in, and determines the kinds of molecules that atoms can combine into to form more complicated substance. | electron configuration |
| amount that can fit into a orbital | electron capacity |
Created by:
lucysanders
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