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Cancer

QuestionAnswer
What does cancer result from? a change in the DNA that codes for proteins that control the cell cycle
What is cancer? Uncontrolled cell growth
What is a tumor? A mass of cells made from uncontrolled cell growth
What is a benign tumor? A mass of noncancerous cells that has no serious effect on surrounding tissues
What is a malignant tumor? A mass of cancerous cells that interferes with the function of neighboring cells and may destroy surrounding tissues
What is metastasis? If a cancerous cell breaks away from the original tumor and moves to another part of the body to start a secondary tumor
What is a mutation? A random change that occurs in DNA
What is a carcinogen? Environmental factors or agents that cause mutations
What are examples of carcinogens? tobacco smoke, radiation (X rays or UV rays), viruses (ex. HPV), chemicals
Can mutations caused by the environment be passed down? No
What can reduce cancer risk? Healthy diet, Maintaining a healthy weight, Avoiding tobacco smoke, and Avoiding radiation
How can cancer be diagnosed? Blood tests, Endoscopy, X-ray, Ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI
What is a biopsy? when a small sample of cells is taken from the affected area
How can cancer cells be distinguished from regular cells? Cancer cells are irregularly shaped and smaller
What is surgery? physically removing the cancerous cells
What is chemotherapy? slowing cell division and killing the cells -Taken orally or injected -Targets rapidly dividing cells in the body
What is radiation? damages DNA in the cancer cells so they cannot divide further
What are biophotonics? uses beams of light to detect and treat cancer -More accurately targets tumors than radiation
Created by: zahnsg
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