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Bio chapter 2

TermDefinition
Atom The smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of that element
Element A substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means; all atoms of an element have the same atomic number
Compound a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds
ion an atom, radical, or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge
Ionic bond the attractive force between oppositely charged ions, which form when electrons are transferred from one atom to another
covalent bond a bond formed when atoms chare one or more pairs of electrons
molecule a group of atoms that are held together by chemical forces; a molecule is the smallest unit of matter that can exists by itself and retain all of a substances chemical properties
Hydrogen bond the intermolecular force occurring when a hydrogen atom that is boned to a highly electronegative atom of one molecule is attracted to two unshared electrons of another molecule
Cohesion the force that holds molecules a single material together
adhesion the attractive force between two bodies of different substances that are in contact with each other
solution a homogeneous mixture throughout which to or more substances are uniformly dispersed
solvent in a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves
solute in a solution, the substance that dissolves in the solvent
acid any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water; acids turn blue litmus paper red and react with bases and some metals to form salts
base any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions when dissolves in water; bases turn red litmus paper blue and react with acids to form salts
pH measurement of acidity; related to free hydrogen ion concentration in solution
Created by: Avery Graham26
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