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Ch 9 quiz tatano
Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mitocondia | a membrane-enclosed organelle found in most eukaryotic cells.described as "cellular power plants" because they generate most of the cell's supply of (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy.supplying cellular energy |
| ATP | multifunctional nucleotide used in cells as a coenzyme. transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. It is produced by photophosphorylation and cellular respiration and used by enzymes and structural proteins in many cellular processes, |
| Crista | are the internal compartments formed by the inner membrane of a mitochondrion.studded with proteins, including ATP . The maximum surface for chemical reactions to occur is within the mitochondria. This allows cellular respiration to occur. |
| Gradient | For the measure of steepness of a line, see Slope |
| 2 step process of making ATP? | Oxidative PhosphorylationSubstrate-level Phosphorylation |
| Oxidative Phosphorylation 90% | the energy released at each step of the chain is stored in a form of mitochondrion can use to make ATP. powered by the redox reactions of hte electron transport chain |
| Substrate-level Phosphorylation | occurs when an enzyme transfers a phosphate group fro a substrate molocule to adp |
| Glycosis | begins the process by breaking glucose into two molecules of a compound called pyruvate.2 phases, energy investment(spends ATP) and energy payoff |
| 2 Stages of cellular resporation | Glycosis and citric acid cycle |
| Citric Acid Cycle | completes the breakdown of glucose by oxidizing a dericative of pyryvate to CO2produces 2 ATP 6NADH2 2Fad2 CO2 released |
| Intermediate Reaction | 2 pyrulic H------> 2 acetyl - CoA 2 NADH2 |
| Cell Resporation Formula | Cellular Resporation c6H12O6--->6O2--> 6CO2+6H2O+ energy |
| Gp3 | triose phosphate.is a chemical compound that occurs as an intermediate in several central metabolic pathways of all organisms. It is a phosphate ester of the 3-carbon sugar glyceraldehyde and has chemical formula C3H7O6P. |
| Redox Reaction | all chemical reactions which atoms have their oxidation number state changed. This can be it can be a complex process such as the oxidation of sugar in the human body through a series of complex electron transfer processes. |
| Redox Reaction | Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion. Reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion |
| Pyruvic acid | key intersection in several metabolic pathways. It can be made from glucose through glycolysis, supplies energy to living cells in the citric acid cycle, |
| NADH | NAD+ is involved in redox reactions, carrying electrons from one reaction to another. The coenzyme is therefore found in two forms in cells: NAD+ is an oxidizing agent – it accepts electrons from other molecules and becomes reduced. Most E extracted f.Glu |
| Electron Transport Chain | thousands of copies in each mitochondrion.mostly protiens, nonprotien components essential for the catalytic functions of certian enzymes. accept and donate electrons. |
| Catalyst | the process in which the rate of a chemical reaction is either increased or decreased by means of a chemical substance known as a catalyst. |
| ATP synthesis | uses the enery of an existing ion gradient to power the ATP synthesis |
Created by:
RjRose
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