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cycles weather ocean
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| precipitation | occurs when so much water, the air cannot hold it any longer. ( eg snow, rain,sleet, hail) |
| condensation | water vapor in the air cools and turns to liquid, and forms clouds |
| evaporation | sun heats up water, water turns to water vapor(gas) and travels into the air |
| groundwater | water that seeps into the ground. water stored underground in streams , soil, rivers, oceans |
| runoff | water usually from precipitation that flows across land and collects in rivers, lakes, oceans |
| aquifer | underground river, pumped out to supply water for wells and irrigating crops |
| where does all energy on Earth originate | the Sun |
| where warm currents originate | near the equator |
| where cool currents originate | near poles |
| what are tides | changes in the level of ocean water |
| what causes tides | gravitation forces of sun and moon tugging on earth |
| surface current | streamlike movement of water at or near the surface of the ocean. controlled by global wind, Coriolis Effect, continental deflection |
| deep current | streamlike movements far below the surface.controlled by water temperature and salinity(density) |
| Coriolis Effect | the curving of moving objects from a straight path due to the earths rotation |
| El Nino | periodic change in location of warm & cool surface waters in the Pacific Ocean( affects surface water, global weather atmosphere and ocean) |
| when surface currents meet continents the deflect | continental deflection |
| conduction | heat transfer by direct contact |
| convection | heat transfer by movement of liquid or gas(eg ocean currents) |
| radiation | energy that travels in waves or high speed particles(eg X-ray) |
| specific heat | amount of energy needed to change somethings temperature |
| electromagnetic waves | do not need a medium to travel through( can travel through space.) eg light , radio waves |
| mechanical waves | need a medium to travel through(eg sound, seismic waves) |
| medium | substance that waves travel through |
| transverse waves | move through medium perpendicular to direction of wave |
| longitudinal waves | moves through medium parallel to direction of wave |
| frequency | the # waves that pass a certain point in 1 second |
| wavelength | distance between 2 identical points on the same wave. (crest to crest , trough to trough) |
| why do things have different specific heat measurements? | |
| what has the highest specific heat | water |
| what are land and sea breezes | breezes at the seashore that blow in one direction during the day and the opposite direction at night |
| sea breeze | dies down at sunset |
| land breeze | does not blow during the day |
| how often daily do we experience tides? | 2 high tides and 2 low tides |
| how do large bodies of water and currents influence weather in nearby areas? | make climate more moderate, because it takes water longer to heat up or cool down than the land |
| why are the climates of cities near to the ocean different to those inland | climates of cities near the ocean are more stable because of waters ability to retain heat longer. Inland climate varies more. |
| how could warm water moving to a higher latitude affect the climate? | warm current has a warming affect on the coastline it hits. more moderate climate. |
| what is a barometer? | an instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure |
| how do oceans affect air temperature? | they absorb and release solar energy , and moisture into the air/atmosphere |
| how can global warming affect ice caps and our oceans? | could melt ice caps and cause ocean levels to rise |
| how does specific heat capacity affect land and water differently? | water has greater Specific Heat Capacity. oceans take longer to heat up but then retain heat better than land |
| why do things have different specific heat capacities? | conductivity, ability to conduct heat |
Created by:
agarbutt
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