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Mammology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Extirpation | Local extinction |
| Manis | Singular hand |
| Mani | Hands |
| extant | not extinct |
| Mast-itis | Milk secretion tissue-inflammation |
| Teat meatus | Ungulate teat |
| Teat meati | primate teat |
| meatus | Pore/Hole |
| Theria | Beast |
| Facultative | Sometimes |
| Drey | A squirrel nest made of leaves |
| Mammalia-form | mammal-like reptile |
| Hibernacullum | the place in which an animal hibernates |
| Rostrum | snout region |
| venter | belly region |
| Mono-Tremes | (1-hole) Directs milk from secretory regions |
| Meati | Many hole/Pore |
| Apoptosis | Programmed cell death |
| Lactose | Glucose + galactose. Is a milk sugar and disacharride |
| Epithelial cells | milk secreting cells |
| Oxytocin | Contraction inducing hormone of myoepithelial cells |
| Exocytosis | release of substances out a cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane. |
| Oxy-tocin | Sharp-contraction |
| Permian | Mammals start to evolve |
| Mississipian | Time of the amphibians |
| Devonian | Time of the fishes |
| Estrogen does what? | Brings mammary glands out of involution before labor |
| Progesterone does what? | Keeps uterus from contracting during pregnancy |
| How are receptors for estrogen in the mammary glands produced? | Progesterone |
| Hypothalamus | The master gland |
| Neuroendocrine response | How a sense stimulates hypothalamus (Shared by all mammals) |
| Dopamine can also be called | Prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH) |
| Why do we not want galactogenesis and galactorrhea at the same time? | Energy and nutrient expensive because there will be constant leaking which will waste and leave less for the mother to use for something else. |
| Dopamine targets | Prolactin producing cells in the anterior pituitary through the blood vessels. |
| Dopamine and Oxytocin | Produced at the same time |
| Prolactin is produced | in the absence of dopamine |
| During stress, why doesn't galactorrhea occur? | epinephrine secreted during stress |
| Epi-neph-rine | upon-the kidney-secreted |
| oxytocin targets | myoepithelial cells |
| D in dopamine stands for | no drip |
| epinephrine is | anti-prolactin |
| Vasopressin | cuts off blood supply |
| most vertebrates have what compared to today? | oxytocin-like peptides (reproduction) and vasopressin-like peptides (osmoregulation) |
| conservation of function | If it works it generally isn't changed |
| Lactation strategy | an integration of duration, suckling frequency, total volume produced, numbers of offspring nursing, behavior, and milk composition |
| Artiodactyles | even-toed ungulates |
| Perissodactyles | odd-toed ungulates |
| Ungulate hiders | mother leaves young in a nest where offspring does not move, nutrients are partitioned to growth, milk has higher protein content for faster growth. (less than 30% gross energy in milk) |
| Ungulate followers | nutrients are partitioned to growth and adaptation on the hoof. Need more energy than protein. need more H2O. (more thermoregulation and water loss challenges, more than 30% gross energy in milk) |
| Total energy in milk from | carbohydrates, protein, lipids |
| hooded seal milk has | 60-65% lipid content |
| because of the nature of hooded seal milk, the offspring | double their weight in the short lactation period. |
| odontocetes | toothed whales |
| whales are more related to | ardyodactyls |
| water mammals need the young to | put on alot of fat and weight quickly for heat regulation and growth |
| myoglobin is found in | the muscle |
Created by:
Hoffmana2
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