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Bio Lab 1 Exam Prep
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the steps to the scientific method? | 1. make observations & state the question to be investigated 2. collect info about the problem 3. formulate a testable hypothesis 4. make a prediction based on the hypothesis 5. conduct experiment to test hypothesis 6. come to a conclusion based on |
| What is hexose? | A six carbon sugar such as galactose, fructose, and glucose |
| Is time independent or dependent? | independent |
| Where does the title for a table go? | the top |
| Where does the graph title go? | on the bottom |
| Where does the dependent variable go on a graph? | the Y-axis |
| Where does the independent variable go? | the X-axis |
| What value is used for the independent variable? | the level of treatment |
| What is the most important property of the hypothesis? | it must be testable |
| What are the two different variables? | independent and dependent |
| What is a dependent variable? | date- you can have as many as you want |
| What is an independent variable? | the variable that is manipulated- you can only have 1 |
| What is the control group/variable? | the group that is treated like the experiment, but does not have the independent variable |
| What is the formula for a prediction statement? | If... then/ if... restate hypothesis |
| Step 1 of the scientific method | Make observations and state the question to be investigated |
| Step 2 of the scientific method | Collect info about the problem |
| Step 3 of the scientific method | formulate a testable hypothesis |
| Step 4 of the scientific method | make a prediction based on the hypothesis |
| Step 5 of the scientific method | conduct experiment to test hypothesis |
| Step 6 of the scientific method | conclusion based on the hypothesis |
| What are controlled variables? | variables that are kept constant/optimal |
| What are the prefixes from smallest to largest? | milli, centi, deci, (base), deca, hecto, kilo |
| milli | 1/1000 |
| centi | 1/100 |
| deci | 1/10 |
| base (meter/gram/liter) | 1 |
| deca | 10 |
| hecto | 100 |
| kilo | 1000 |
| What is accuracy? | the closeness of your answer to the expected answer |
| What is used to measure accuracy? | mean |
| What is precision? | standard deviation- the closeness of trials to each other |
| What does a smaller standard deviation mean? | more precision |
| What are the properties of water? | polar covalent bond between atoms, hydrogen bonds between molecules, cohesion, adhesion, universal solvent |
| What is a polar covalent bond? | When atoms share their electrons unequally |
| What is a non polar covalent bond? | When atoms share their electrons equally |
| What is an ionic bond? | When one atom transfers their electrons to another atom |
| What is cohesion? | water molecules attracted together/ held by hydrogen bonds |
| Is oil cohesive? | no |
| What is a solvent? | substance doing the dissolving |
| What is a solute? | what is being dissolved |
| What is adhesion? | water's attraction to other molecules |
| What happens when salt dissolves? | in released + & - ions that water then surrounds. The + ions connect to the - part of the water. The - ions connect to the + part of water. |
| What is the hydrogen to oxygen ratio? | 2-1 |
| What test is used for monosaccharides? | Benedict's test |
| What color is Benedict's solution? | blue- note it has to be boiled |
| What color is iodine? | orange |
| What are the different lipids? | steroids, triglycerides, phospholipids |
| What test is used for polysaccarides? | Iodine test |
| Carbohydrates= | energy |
| What happens to Iodine when polysaccarhides are added? | it turns black |
| What happens to Benedict's solution when monosaccarides are added? | it turns orange |
| What are the classifications of saccharides? | mono, di, and poly |
| Saccharides= | sugar |
| Are lipids polar or non polar? Where do they go when mixed with water? | Nonpolar. They float on the top. |
| What happens to salt when water boils? | The salt comes back together |
| What happens to salt when mixed with water? | it spreads |
| What are steroids made of? | cholesterol |
| What are triglycerides made of? | 1 glycerol, 3 fatty acids |
| What are phospholipids made of? | 1 glycerol, 2 fatty acids, 1 phosphate group, 1 nitrogen |
| Controls for monosaccharide test | + 5% glucose, - water |
| Controls for iodine test for starch | + 5% starch, - water |
| Controls for biuret test for protein | + 1% egg albumin (egg whites), - 1% water |
| Controls for lipid test for fats | + vegetable oil, - water |
| What is a molecule? | 2 or more atoms joined by chemical bonds |
| What is organic? | A compound containing carbon |
| What are the 4 classes of biomolecules? | Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids |
| What is a carbohydrate made of? Formula? | Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen. C(H2O)n |
| What is starch, glycogen, and cellulose? | polysaccharides |
| Lactose | milk sugar- glucose + galactose |
| Maltose | glucose + glucose |
| Sucrose | glucose + fructose |
| Disaccharide= | 2 sugars |
| Monosaccharide= | one sugar |
| Polysaccharide= | many sugars |
| What is lactose, maltose, and sucrose? | disaccharides |
| What is glucose, galactose, and fructose? | hexose |
| Galactose | non found in nature- it usually combines with other sugars |
| Glucose | blood sugar |
| Fructose | fruit sugar |
| How are carbohydrates classified? | poly/mono/di |
| Do all disaccharides have a glucose? | yes |
| What are peptide bonds? | covalent bond of proteins |
Created by:
ilovepygmygoats
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