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Science PC 11

Chapter 11 - Geology

QuestionAnswer
earth's outer layer of rock crust
sphere of stone; crust of the earth lithosphere
boundary which separates the crust from the mantle Moho
solid rock exposed at the crust's surface bedrock
a hard mixture of mineral fragments comprising a great portion of the crust rock
formed when magma cools igneous rock
rock formed from the accumulation and hardening of water-born materials sedimentary rock
rock that has been altered by heat and pressure, or chemicals metamorphic rock
processes which result in movements or deformations of the earth's crust diastrophism
a break in the rock of the crust along which there has been movement fault
rock structure formed by the slow bending of crustal rocks fold
suggests that the continents have been pushed apart at the center of the Atlantic ocean sea-floor spreading hypothesis
attempts to explain continental drift by means of "floating" plates plate tectonics hypothesis
topmost layer of the mantle asthenosphere
cone-shaped mountains produced by volcanic eruptions volcanic mountain
produced when volcanic material pushes the crust up into a blister-like mound dome mountain
formed when rock layers are pushed together so that they wrinkle or fold folded mountains
is formed when a vertical movement in a rock mass occurs along a fault fault-block mountain
boundary between different rock layers or between the crust and mantle or mantle and core discontinuity
layer of the earth between the crust and the core mantle
central portion of the earth core
angle of deviation of a compass needle from true north angle of declination
angle of earth's magnetic field makes with the earth's surface angle of dip
compass where needle operates vertically dip compass
imaginary circle around the earth at the half way position between the magnetic poles magnetic equator
doughnut-shaped region of the charged particles surrounding the earth magnetosphere
list of the principle rock-forming elements of the earth's crust in order of abundance oxygen, silicon, iron, aluminum
99% of the earth's crust is from what elements sodium, silicon, potassium, oxygen, magnesium, iron, calcium, and aluminum
outer core composed primarily of? molten iron and molten nickel
lines connecting places where magnetic needles point to true north as well as to the North Magnetic Pole agonic line
mountain climber alpinist
rocks buckled upward during folding anticline
responds vertically to magnetic field of the earth dip compass
discontinuity between the mantle and core Gutenberg discontinuity
lines connecting places of equal magnetic dip isoclinic line
lines connecting places of equal magnetic declination isogonic line
protocontinent Pangaea
rocks buckled downward during folding syncline
two doughnut-shaped belts of charged solar particles trapped by the earth's magnetic field Van Allen radiation belts
Created by: joyfulmusic90
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