Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
micro ch8
Microbial Metabolism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Metabolism | sum of all chemical reactions within a living organism |
| Catabolism | Breaks down large molecules, breaks chemical bonds, releases potential energy used for ATP |
| Hydrolysis reactions | break polymers back down into monomers |
| Anabolism | builds large organic molecules, Biosynthesis, requires ATP |
| How are Polymers Built? | built from monomers by condensation or dehydration synthesis reactions |
| Simple enzymes | consist of proteins alone |
| Coenzymes | organic helper molecules. Accept ot donate atoms or electrons, act as energy carrier, derived from vitamins, |
| Cofactor | inorganic helper molecules, Fe,Cu,Mg,Zn,Ca,Co |
| Exoenzyme | function when released outside of cell |
| Endoenzymes | remain in cell and function there |
| ATP | Energy storage molecule consists of nucleotide and contains 2 high energy unstable bonds |
| Oxidation | removes electrons, produces energy |
| Reduction | gain of electrons |
| Dehydrogenation | removes h+ and an electron |
| Biological Oxidations | a. organic molecule is oxidized b) 2 (-) and 2 H+ proton transferred to coenzyme, nad accepts 1h, nadh, other h+ released |
| Generation of ATP | Energy release by redox reactions, Phosphorylation- adds a phosphate to a compound |
| Aerobic respiration | final electron acceptor is oxygen |
| Anaerobic respiration | final electron acceptor is inorganic ion other than oxygen |
| Pyruvic Acid | central metabolite- can be reduced into varius products by process of fermentation or converted to acetyl-CoA to enter krebs cycle |
| Glycolysis ATP production | 4ATP produced- 2 used.Net Yield 2 ATP, 2 NAD+2 NADH 6ATP |
| ATP production in Conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl CoA | 2NAD+ 2NADH , 6ATP |
| Krebs Cycle | 6NAD+ 6NADH, 18ATP, 2FAD+ 2FADH, 4 ATP, 2 ATP 2ATP |
| Prokaryotes yield how much ATP | 38 ATP |
| Eukaryotes Yield how much ATP | 36 ATP (2 are spent to take reactions from cytoplasm in to mitochondria |
| Lactic Acid Fermentation | substrate- glucose, end product- lactic acid, Organisms- Lactobacillus, Stretococcus, results in food spoilage, dental caries, yogurt, sauerkraut, pickles |
| Alcohol Fermentation | Substrate- glucose, end product- ethanol and CO2, organisms- Saccharomyces cervesiae (brewers yeast) baking bread, wine, beer, liquors |
| Industrial Uses for Fermentation | Acetone, Acetic Acid (vinegar) ,Organic acids, Alcohols |
| Biochemical Testing | test medium- contains protein an single source carb for energy, PH indicator- changes color if acid is produced, Durham tubes- small glass tube will trap gas to detect gas production |
| Lipid Catabolism | Lipids glycerol and fatty acids, glycerol is funneled into the krebs cycle, fatty acids are broken down by Beta oxidation cycle into acetyl CoA, Some bacteria degrade lipids like petroleum |
| Protein catabolism | proteins amino acids, (20 common), acids transported into cell, Deamination, Decarboxylation and dehydrogenation |
| Deamination | removes an amino group from an amino acid, converts it to ammonia, the rest of amino acid goes to krebs cycle |
| Decarboxylation and dehydrogenation | removes a carboxyl group from an amino acid, rest of the amino acid feeds into krebs cycle |
| Biosynthesis- Metabolic Pathways are integrated | catabolic pathways release energy n produce intermediates and end products can b used for anabolic pathways-synthesize building blocks synthesize macromolecules |
Created by:
ktlapp
Popular Biology sets