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Met 1020 Ch.3

TermDefinition
Heat Capacity ratio of amount of heat energy needed to make its temp rise
Specific heat heat capacity of specific heat
Latent heat heat energy required to change substance
Conduction heat transfer from molecule to molecule within substance Ex) holding chocolate in your hand
Convection transfer of heat by mass movement of fluid Ex) air parcel rising
Advection transfer of properties by horizontally moving air Ex) wind blowing across body of water, picks up water vapor from surface and transport it elsewhere
Thermals rising air bubbles
Radiation waves release energy when absorbed by an object
Wavelength distance measured along wave from one crest to another
Micrometer measurement for wavelengths 1 micrometer (um) = 10^-6m = 0.000001
Stefan-Boltzmann law As temp of object increases, more total radiation is emitted Any thing whose temp is above absolute zero emits radiation E=ōT^4
Wien's law ymax = constant / t curve for different temps peak at different wavelengths hotter surface, shorter the wavelengths T = temp in K Constant = 2897 um K (rounded to 3000)
Longwave radiation radiation emitted by earth between 5 to 25 um
Shortwave radiation radiation emitted by sun (solar radiation) wavelengths emit less than 2 um
Visible region of spectrum 0.4 to 0.7
Ultraviolet (UV) less than 0.4, shorter than violet
Infrared (IR) more than 0.7, longer than red
Blackbody perfect absorber and perfect emitter Earth and Sun nearly 100%, able to use Wien and Stefan-Boltzmann law Ex) Snow (specifically fresh snow)
Radiative equilibrium temperature temperature where radiative equilibrium occurs Earth's temp is 255K (-18 C, 0 F)
Selective absorbers Objects selectively absorb and emit radiation Greenhouse gasses
Kirchhoff's law good absorbers are good emitters at particular wavelength poor absorbers are poor emitters at same wavelength
Albedo percent of radiation reflected back from surface Ex) Snow reflects up to 95% of sunlight
Created by: Hannah2026
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